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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
( Bold - Valid Mineral Name)
(* - Mineral Name is Not IMA Approved)
(! - New Dana Classification Number Has Been Changed or Added)
(? - IMA Discredited Mineral Species Name)
(# - Grandfathered as valid)
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| Mineral Name | α | β | γ | Sign | 2V | Bire | Pleo- chroic |
Dispersion |
| Laueite # | 1.588 to 1.603 | 1.654 to 1.659 | 1.68 to 1.682 | B- | 63-66 | .0920 | No | |
| Skorpionite ! | 1.5884 | 1.6445 | 1.6455 | B- | .0571 | Yes | none | |
| Nickelbischofite | 1.589 | 1.617 | 1.644 | B+ | 87 | .0550 | No | |
| Karlite ! | 1.589 | 1.632 | 1.634 | B- | 24 | .0450 | No | |
| Campigliaite | 1.589 | 1.645 | 1.659 | B- | 52 | .0700 | No | |
| Parabutlerite # | 1.589 to 1.598 | 1.66 to 1.663 | 1.737 to 1.75 | B+ | 87 | .1480 to .1520 | Yes | r > v moderate |
| Isokite # | 1.59 | 1.594 | 1.614 | B+ | 51 | .0240 | Yes | |
| Panasqueiraite | 1.59 | 1.596 | 1.616 | B+ | 51 | .0260 | No | |
| Gravegliaite | 1.59 | 1.596 | 1.636 | B+ | 41-43 | .0460 | No | |
| Magnesiocarpholite | 1.59 | 1.6 | 1.61 | B- | 50-60 | .0200 | No | |
| Haidingerite # | 1.59 | 1.602 | 1.638 | B+ | 58 | .0480 | Yes | r > v |
| Lawsonbauerite | 1.59 | 1.608 | 1.611 | B- | 42 | .0210 | No | |
| Vonbezingite | 1.59 | 1.61 | 1.619 | B- | 65-67 | .0290 | No | |
| Borcarite | 1.59 | 1.651 | 1.657 | B- | 30 | .0670 | No | |
| Leogangite ! | 1.59 | 1.74 | 1.744 | B- | 18 | .1540 | Yes | r > v weak |
| Roscoelite # | 1.59 to 1.61 | 1.63 to 1.685 | 1.64 to 1.704 | B- | 24.5-39.5 | .0500 to .0940 | Yes | |
| Glauconite # | 1.59 to 1.612 | 1.609 to 1.643 | 1.61 to 1.644 | B- | 0-20 | .0200 to .0320 | Yes | r > v |
| Catapleiite # | 1.591 | 1.592 | 1.627 | B+ | .0360 | No | ||
| Tinsleyite | 1.591 | 1.597 | 1.604 | B+ | 86 | .0130 | Yes | |
| Bertrandite # | 1.591 | 1.605 | 1.614 | B- | 73-81 | .0230 | Yes | none |
| Metauranospinite # | 1.591 | 1.619 | 1.621 | B- | 0-5 | .0300 | No | |
| Szomolnokite # | 1.591 | 1.623 | 1.663 | B+ | 80 | .0720 | No | |
| Herderite # | 1.591 to 1.592 | 1.611 to 1.612 | 1.619 to 1.621 | B- | 67-75 | .0280 to .0290 | No | |
| Paulkerrite | 1.591 to 1.598 | 1.615 to 1.624 | 1.639 to 1.643 | B- | 80 | .0480 | No | r > v strong |
| Nasledovite | 1.591 | B | No | |||||
| Shirozulite ! | 1.592 | 1.635 | 1.635 | B- | Very Small | .0430 | Yes | |
| 1.592 | 1.615 | B- | 30-80 | .0230 | Yes | |||
| Ephesite # | 1.592 to 1.595 | 1.624 to 1.625 | 1.625 to 1.627 | B- | 18-28 | .0330 | No | |
| Chondrodite # | 1.592 to 1.643 | 1.602 to 1.655 | 1.619 to 1.675 | B+ | 64-90 | .0270 to .0320 | Yes | weak to moderate, r > v |
| Protoanthophyllite ! | 1.593 | 1.609 | 1.615 | B- | 64 | .0220 | Yes | |
| Tinaksite | 1.593 | 1.621 | 1.666 | B+ | .0730 | Yes | strong | |
| Yavapaiite | 1.593 | 1.684 | 1.698 | B- | 30 | .1050 | No | r > v strong |
| Coesite # | 1.593 to 1.594 | 1.595 | 1.599 | B+ | 54-64 | .0060 | No | r < v weak |
| Butlerite # | 1.593 to 1.604 | 1.665 to 1.674 | 1.731 to 1.741 | B-+ | 70 | .1380 | No | |
| Foshagite # | 1.594 | 1.594 | 1.598 | B+ | .0040 | No | ||
| 1.594 | 1.603 | 1.615 | B+ | 60-65 | .0210 | No | ||
| Kumtyubeite ! | 1.594 | 1.605 | 1.608 | B- | 40-55 | .0140 | Yes | |
| Pectolite # | 1.594 to 1.61 | 1.603 to 1.614 | 1.631 to 1.642 | B+ | 50-63 | .0370 | Yes | very weak, r > v |
| Stanfieldite | 1.594 to 1.619 | 1.596 to 1.622 | 1.604 to 1.631 | B+ | 50-60 | .0100 to .0120 | No | |
| Raadeite ! | 1.5945 | 1.6069 | 1.6088 | B- | 45.6 | .0143 | No | r > v strong |
| Kostylevite | 1.595 | 1.598 | 1.61 | B | 48 | .0150 | No | |
| Cebollite # | 1.595 | 1.6 | 1.628 | B+ | 58 | .0330 | No | |
| Hurlbutite # | 1.595 | 1.601 | 1.604 | B- | 70 | .0090 | No | r > v weak |
| Fukalite | 1.595 | 1.605 | 1.626 | B-+ | 90 | .0310 | No | |
| Semenovite | 1.595 | 1.614 | 1.614 | B- | 0-55 | .0190 | No | |
| Phosphophyllite # | 1.595 | 1.614 | 1.616 | B- | 44.3 | .0210 | Yes | |
| Bazhenovite | 1.595 | 1.619 | 1.697 | B+ | 60.3 | .1020 | Yes | |
| Chopinite ! | 1.595 | 1.648 | 1.656 | B- | .0610 | No | ||
| Calciborite # | 1.595 | 1.654 | 1.67 | B- | 54 | .0750 | No | |
| Clairite | 1.595 | 1.607 | B | .0120 | Yes | |||
| Petarasite | 1.595 to 1.596 | 1.598 to 1.6 | 1.631 to 1.632 | B+ | 29-43 | .0360 | Yes | r < v weak |
| Margarite # | 1.595 to 1.638 | 1.625 to 1.648 | 1.627 to 1.65 | B- | 26-67 | .0320 | Yes | r < v |
| Emeleusite | 1.596 | 1.597 | 1.597 | B- | 0-5 | .0010 | No | |
| Chiavennite | 1.596 | 1.6 | 1.618 | B+ | 50 | .0220 | No | |
| Hannebachite | 1.596 | 1.6 | 1.634 | B+ | 38 | .0380 | No | |
| Weeksite | 1.596 | 1.603 | 1.606 | B- | ~60 | .0100 | Yes | r > v strong |
| Burgessite ! | 1.596 | 1.604 | 1.628 | B+ | .0320 | Yes | ||
| Umbite | 1.596 | 1.619 | 1.63 | B- | 80 | .0340 | No | |
| Suanite # | 1.596 | 1.639 | 1.67 | B- | 70 | .0740 | No | |
| Fluorannite ! | 1.596 | 1.648 | 1.648 | B- | ~0 | .0520 | Yes | |
| Mcguinnessite | 1.596 to 1.602 | 1.724 to 1.73 | 1.724 to 1.732 | B- | .1280 to .1300 | Yes | ||
| Amesite # | 1.597 | 1.597 | 1.612 | B+ | 0 | .0150 | No | |
| Sphaerobertrandite ! | 1.597 | 1.607 | 1.616 | B- | 86.5 | .0190 | Yes | none |
| Magbasite | 1.597 | 1.609 | 1.615 | B- | 70 | .0180 | No | |
| Sanbornite # | 1.597 | 1.616 | 1.624 | B- | 66 | .0270 | No | |
| Pekovite ! | 1.597 | 1.627 | 1.632 | B- | 43 | .0350 | No | |
| Matioliite ! | 1.597 | 1.627 | 1.632 | B- | 43 | .0350 | Yes | r > v |
| Larisaite ! | 1.597 | 1.77 | 1.775 | B- | 20 | .1780 | Yes | r < v strong |
| Kochsandorite ! | 1.597 | 1.603 | B- | .0060 | Yes | weak, r < v | ||
| Scawtite # | 1.597 to 1.603 | 1.606 to 1.609 | 1.618 to 1.621 | B+ | 74-78 | .0210 | No | |
| Christelite ! | 1.5977 | 1.6259 | 1.6354 | B- | 59.4 | .0377 | Yes | |
| Zodacite | 1.598 | 1.601 | 1.602 | B- | 83 | .0040 | Yes | |
| Metaschoderite | 1.598 | 1.604 | 1.626 | B+ | 59 | .0280 | No | |
| Brianite | 1.598 | 1.605 | 1.608 | B- | 63-65 | .0100 | No | |
| Lausenite # | 1.598 | 1.628 | 1.654 | B- | 70 | .0560 | No | |
| Kleemanite | 1.598 | 1.614 | B | .0160 | Yes | |||
| Cebaite-(Ce) | 1.598 to 1.604 | 1.735 | 1.74 to 1.748 | B- | 5 | .1420 to .1440 | No | |
| Hendricksite | 1.598 to 1.624 | 1.658 to 1.686 | 1.66 to 1.697 | B- | 2-5 | .0620 to .0730 | Yes | r < v slight |
| Anthophyllite # | 1.598 to 1.674 | 1.605 to 1.685 | 1.615 to 1.697 | B+ | 57-90 | .0170 to .0230 | Yes | r > v or r < v |
| Lehnerite | 1.599 | 1.607 | 1.607 | B- | 45 | .0080 | No | |
| Haineaultite ! | 1.599 | 1.61 | 1.696 | B+ | 38-41 | .0970 | Yes | 38 |
| Tremolite # | 1.599 to 1.612 | 1.613 to 1.626 | 1.625 to 1.637 | B- | 88-80 | .0260 | Yes | r < v |
| Niedermayrite ! | 1.599 to 1.619 | 1.642 | 1.661 | B- | 84 | .0620 | Yes | r > v strong |
| Manandonite # | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.61 | B+ | 14-30 | .0100 | No | |
| Chamosite # | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.67 | B- | 0-15 | .0700 | No | |
| Orthochamosite ! | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.67 | B- | 0-15 | .0700 | No | |
| Riversideite # | 1.6 | 1.601 | 1.605 | B+ | 50 | .0050 | No | |
| 1.6 | 1.605 | 1.613 | B+ | 50 | .0130 | No | ||
| Sainfeldite | 1.6 | 1.61 | 1.616 | B- | 80 | .0160 | No | |
| Ganterite ! | 1.6 | 1.619 | 1.622 | B- | 42.5 | .0220 | Yes | |
| Garrelsite-V # | 1.6 | 1.633 | 1.64 | B- | 55 | .0400 | No | |
| Joliotite | 1.6 | 1.644 | 1.644 | B- | small | .0440 | Yes | |
| Bijvoetite-(Y) | 1.6 | 1.65 | 1.722 | B+ | 84 | .1220 | Yes | |
| Willemseite | 1.6 | 1.652 | 1.655 | B- | 27 | .0550 | No | |
| Polyphite-VIII | 1.6 | 1.658 | 1.676 | B- | 56 | .0760 | No | |
| Polyphite-VII | 1.6 | 1.658 | 1.676 | B- | 56 | .0760 | No | |
| 1.6 | 1.611 | B- | .0110 | No | r > v | |||
| 1.6 | 1.62 | B | .0200 | No | ||||
| Latiumite # | 1.6 to 1.603 | 1.606 to 1.609 | 1.614 to 1.615 | B-+ | 83-90 | .0140 | No | r > v marked |
| Nepouite # | 1.6 to 1.63 | 1.635 to 1.65 | B- | 0-10 | .0350 | Yes |