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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
( Bold - Valid Mineral Name)
(* - Mineral Name is Not IMA Approved)
(! - New Dana Classification Number Has Been Changed or Added)
(? - IMA Discredited Mineral Species Name)
(# - Grandfathered as valid)
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| Mineral Name | α | β | γ | Sign | 2V | Bire | Pleo- chroic |
Dispersion |
| Planerite # | 1.6 | B | No | |||||
| Ceruleite # | 1.6 | B | No | |||||
| Hibbingite | 1.6 to 1.7 | B | No | |||||
| Hydroxylherderite # | 1.601 | 1.622 | 1.631 | B- | 70 | .0300 | No | |
| Altisite | 1.601 | 1.625 | 1.654 | B+ | 85 | .0530 | Yes | weak, r < v |
| Geigerite | 1.601 | 1.63 | 1.66 | B- | 89 | .0590 | No | |
| Oyelite | 1.602 | 1.606 | 1.613 | B+ | .0110 | Yes | ||
| Gerenite-(Y) ! | 1.602 | 1.607 | 1.611 | B- | .0090 | Yes | none | |
| Brazilianite # | 1.602 | 1.609 | 1.621 to 1.623 | B+ | 71-75 | .0190 to .0210 | No | |
| Anapaite # | 1.602 | 1.613 | 1.649 | B+ | 54 | .0470 | Yes | |
| Metaswitzerite | 1.602 | 1.628 | 1.632 | B- | 42 | .0300 | No | |
| Grandidierite # | 1.602 | 1.636 | 1.639 | B- | 24-32 | .0370 | Yes | strong, r < v |
| Pushcharovskite ! | 1.602 | 1.642 | 1.725 | B+ | 70 | .1230 | Yes | r > v medium |
| Dundasite # | 1.602 | 1.716 | 1.75 | B- | 30-40 | .1480 | No | |
| Svenekite ! | 1.602 | 1.658 | B | .0560 | No | |||
| Vitusite-(Ce) | 1.602 to 1.604 | 1.647 to 1.65 | 1.649 to 1.654 | B- | 30 | .0470 to .0500 | No | |
| Seelite-2 | 1.602 to 1.61 | 1.73 to 1.737 | 1.74 to 1.753 | B- | 30-41 | .1380 to .1430 | No | |
| Seelite-1 | 1.602 to 1.61 | 1.73 to 1.737 | 1.74 to 1.753 | B- | 30-41 | .1380 to .1430 | No | |
| Bementite | 1.602 to 1.624 | 1.632 to 1.65 | 1.632 to 1.65 | B | 0-5 | .0300 | No | |
| Lunokite | 1.603 | 1.608 | 1.616 | B+ | 70 | .0130 | No | r > v |
| Bassetite # | 1.603 | 1.61 | 1.617 | B | 90 | .0140 | No | |
| Fontanite | 1.603 | 1.69 | 1.71 | B- | 50 | .1070 | Yes | |
| Uralborite | 1.604 | 1.609 | 1.615 | B+ | 85 | .0110 | Yes | |
| Kamotoite-(Y) | 1.604 | 1.667 | 1.731 | B- | 87 | .1270 | No | |
| Decrespignyite-(Y) ! | 1.604 | 1.638 | B- | small | .0340 | Yes | ||
| Lazulite # | 1.604 to 1.637 | 1.631 to 1.667 | 1.642 to 1.677 | B- | 61-70 | .0380 to .0400 | Yes | weak, r < v |
| Scorzalite # | 1.604 to 1.639 | 1.626 to 1.67 | 1.637 to 1.68 | B- | 62 | .0330 to .0410 | Yes | r > v |
| Tvedalite | 1.604 | B | No | |||||
| Imandrite | 1.605 | 1.608 | 1.612 | B+ | 75 | .0070 | No | |
| Hillebrandite # | 1.605 | 1.61 | 1.612 | B- | 60 | .0070 | Yes | strong, r < v |
| Jimthompsonite | 1.605 | 1.626 | 1.633 | B- | 62 | .0280 | No | |
| Rokuhnite | 1.605 | 1.633 | 1.702 | B+ | 64 | .0970 | No | |
| Chromceladonite ! | 1.605 | 1.648 | 1.654 | B- | 12 | .0490 | Yes | |
| Paratooite-(La) ! | 1.605 | 1.696 | 1.752 | B- | .1470 | Yes | ||
| Carlosturanite | 1.605 | B | Yes | |||||
| Fluoro-edenite ! | 1.6058 | 1.67 | 1.6245 | B- | .0187 | Yes | ||
| Zanazziite | 1.606 | 1.61 | 1.62 | B+ | 72 | .0140 | No | |
| Reinhardbraunsite | 1.606 | 1.617 | 1.62 | B- | 44-50 | .0140 | No | |
| Caryopilite # | 1.606 to 1.62 | 1.632 to 1.65 | 1.632 to 1.65 | B- | 0 | .0260 to .0300 | No | weak |
| Topaz # | 1.606 to 1.629 | 1.609 to 1.631 | 1.616 to 1.638 | B+ | 48-68 | .0100 | Yes | noticeable, r > v |
| Glaucophane # | 1.606 to 1.637 | 1.615 to 1.65 | 1.627 to 1.655 | B- | 10-80 | .0210 | Yes | strong, r < v |
| Aluminoceladonite ! | 1.606 to 1.644 | 1.63 to 1.662 | 1.63 to 1.663 | B- | .0240 | Yes | r > v | |
| Celadonite # | 1.606 to 1.644 | 1.63 to 1.662 | 1.63 to 1.663 | B- | small | .0240 | Yes | |
| Edenite # | 1.606 to 1.649 | 1.617 to 1.66 | 1.631 to 1.672 | B+ | 52-83 | .0250 | Yes | weak to distinct, r > v |
| Buchwaldite | 1.607 | 1.61 | 1.616 | B- | 65 | .0090 | No | |
| Vlasovite | 1.607 | 1.623 | 1.628 | B- | 50-56 | .0210 | Yes | |
| Papagoite | 1.607 | 1.641 | 1.672 | B- | 78 | .0650 | No | |
| Humite # | 1.607 to 1.643 | 1.619 to 1.653 | 1.639 to 1.675 | B+ | 68-81 | .0320 | Yes | weak, r > v |
| Tuhualite # | 1.608 | 1.612 | 1.621 | B+ | 61-70 | .0130 | Yes | |
| Shkatulkalite ! | 1.608 | 1.63 | 1.66 | B+ | 82 | .0520 | Yes | r < v moderate |
| Rosenhahnite | 1.608 to 1.625 | 1.64 to 1.65 | 1.646 to 1.65 | B- | 62-64 | .0380 | Yes | |
| Fabianite | 1.6085 | 1.6375 | 1.65 | B- | 65 | .0415 | Yes | |
| Stokesite # | 1.609 | 1.613 | 1.619 | B+ | 69.5 | .0100 | No | |
| Pertsevite ! | 1.609 | 1.62 | 1.642 | B+ | 65 | .0330 | Yes | dispersion not observed |
| Inesite # | 1.609 | 1.636 | 1.644 | B- | 60 | .0350 | No | |
| Foggite | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.611 | B+ | 40-45 | .0010 | No | |
| Turquoise # | 1.61 | 1.615 | 1.65 | B+ | 40 | .0400 | No | relatively strong |
| Suolunite | 1.61 | 1.62 | 1.623 | B- | 30-50 | .0130 | No | |
| Metauranocircite | 1.61 | 1.623 | 1.623 | B- | 0-5 | .0130 | Yes | |
| 1.61 | 1.627 | 1.633 | B- | 55-61 | .0230 | No | ||
| Fluoro-sodic-pedrizite ! | 1.61 | 1.627 | 1.633 | B- | 55-61 | .0230 | Yes | |
| Carpholite # | 1.61 | 1.628 | 1.63 | B- | 67 | .0200 | No | |
| Clinojimthompsonite | 1.61 | 1.63 | 1.633 | B- | 65 | .0230 | No | |
| Gatumbaite | 1.61 | 1.63 | 1.639 | B- | 65 | .0290 | No | |
| Apachite | 1.61 | 1.65 | 1.65 | B- | ~15 | .0400 | No | |
| Epistolite # | 1.61 | 1.65 | 1.682 | B- | 60 | .0720 | No | |
| Synchysite-(Nd) | 1.61 | 1.66 | 1.74 | B+ | .1300 | Yes | ||
| Pitticite # | 1.61 to 1.63 | 1.616 to 1.635 | B | 0 | No | |||
| Prehnite # | 1.61 to 1.637 | 1.615 to 1.647 | 1.632 to 1.67 | B+ | 64-70 | .0220 to .0330 | Yes | weak, r > v |
| Fluorocannilloite ! | 1.611 | 1.616 | 1.633 | B+ | 49 | .0220 | No | |
| Cymrite # | 1.611 | 1.619 | 1.621 | B- | .0100 | Yes | ||
| Metahaiweeite | 1.611 | 1.62 | 1.645 | B+ | .0340 | No | ||
| Burangaite | 1.611 | 1.635 | 1.643 | B- | 58 | .0320 | Yes | |
| Benyacarite | 1.612 | 1.621 | 1.649 | B+ | 60 | .0370 | Yes | |
| Chivruaiite ! | 1.612 | 1.627 | 1.705 | B+ | 40 | .0930 | Yes | r > v |
| Liroconite # | 1.612 | 1.652 | 1.675 | B- | 67 | .0630 | No | none |
| Tilleyite # | 1.612 to 1.617 | 1.632 to 1.635 | 1.652 to 1.654 | B+ | 85-90 | .0400 | No | r < v |
| Stewartite # | 1.612 to 1.63 | 1.653 to 1.658 | 1.66 to 1.681 | B- | .0480 to .0510 | No | ||
| Eckermannite # | 1.612 to 1.638 | 1.625 to 1.652 | 1.63 to 1.654 | B- | 80 | .0180 | No | |
| Tamaite ! | 1.612 | B- | < 15 | No | ||||
| Dickthomssenite ! | 1.6124 | 1.674 | 1.7104 | B- | 74 | .0980 | Yes | r < v |
| Atencioite ! | 1.613 | 1.62 | 1.626 | B- | 60 | .0130 | Yes | dispersion not observed |
| 1.613 | 1.625 | 1.634 | B- | .0210 | Yes | |||
| Natroboltwoodite | 1.613 | 1.63 | 1.645 | B- | .0320 | Yes | ||
| Sklodowskite # | 1.613 | 1.635 | 1.657 | B+ | .0440 | Yes | relatively strong | |
| Holmquistite # | 1.613 to 1.625 | 1.634 to 1.645 | 1.646 to 1.666 | B- | 49 | .0330 to .0410 | Yes | |
| Actinolite # | 1.613 to 1.628 | 1.627 to 1.644 | 1.638 to 1.655 | B- | 84-73 | .0250 to .0270 | Yes | r < v |
| Faustite # | 1.613 | B+ | No | |||||
| Hemimorphite # | 1.614 | 1.617 | 1.636 | B+ | 46 | .0220 | No | none |
| Parahopeite # | 1.614 | 1.625 | 1.637 | B+ | 90 | .0230 | No | |
| Ferrocarpholite # | 1.614 | 1.63 | 1.635 | B- | 58 | .0210 | No | |
| Werdingite | 1.614 | 1.646 | 1.651 | B- | 33-42 | .0370 | Yes | r > v moderately strong |
| Remondite-(La) ! | 1.615 | 1.619 | 1.622 | B- | 80 | .0070 | Yes | |
| Diadochite # | 1.615 | 1.625 | 1.665 | B+ | 55 | .0500 | No | r < v strong |
| Richterite # | 1.615 | 1.629 | 1.636 | B- | 68 | .0210 | No | |
| Metalodevite | 1.615 | 1.635 | 1.638 | B- | 27-37 | .0230 | Yes | anomalously biaxial |
| Yvonite ! | 1.615 | 1.66 | 1.7 | B- | 82 | .0850 | Yes | r > v medium |
| Likasite # | 1.615 | 1.685 | B- | .0700 | Yes | |||
| IMA2000-020 ! | 1.615 | B | No | |||||
| 1.615 to 1.646 | 1.627 to 1.659 | 1.629 to 1.662 | B- | 40 | .0140 to .0160 | Yes | r > v distinct |