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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
( Bold - Valid Mineral Name)
(* - Mineral Name is Not IMA Approved)
(! - New Dana Classification Number Has Been Changed or Added)
(? - IMA Discredited Mineral Species Name)
(# - Grandfathered as valid)
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| Mineral Name | α | β | γ | Sign | 2V | Bire | Pleo- chroic |
Dispersion |
| Biraite-(Ce) ! | 1.785 | 1.81 | 1.82 | B- | 66 | .0350 | No | r < v weak |
| Manganlotharmeyerite ! | 1.785 | 1.814 | 1.854 | B+ | ~85 | .0690 | No | r < v weak |
| Mitridatite # | 1.785 | 1.85 | 1.85 | B- | 5-10 | .0650 | No | |
| Masuyite # | 1.785 | 1.895 | 1.915 | B- | 50 | .1300 | No | |
| Monazite-(Ce) # | 1.785 to 1.8 | 1.787 to 1.801 | 1.837 to 1.849 | B+ | 6-25 | .0520 | Yes | r > v or r < v |
| Salesite # | 1.786 | 2.07 | 2.075 | B- | 0-5 | .2890 | Yes | r > v extreme |
| Ludjibaite | 1.786 | 1.84 | B-+ | .0540 | No | |||
| Bafertisite | 1.786 to 1.808 | 1.813 to 1.835 | 1.852 to 1.862 | B- | 54-86 | .0660 | Yes | |
| Kidwellite | 1.787 | 1.8 | 1.805 | B- | .0180 | Yes | ||
| Arsenoclasite # | 1.787 | 1.81 | 1.816 | B- | 53.433 | .0290 | No | |
| Wilkinsonite | 1.79 | 1.79 | 1.9 | B+ | 10 | .1100 | No | |
| Kryzhanovskite # | 1.79 | 1.793 to 1.794 | 1.82 | B+ | 40-45 | .0300 | Yes | r << v |
| Obradovicite | 1.79 | 1.798 | 1.811 | B+ | 81 | .0210 | Yes | extreme |
| Ferrisicklerite # | 1.79 | 1.805 | 1.82 | B- | 85 | .0300 | No | |
| Epidote-(Pb) ! | 1.79 | 1.81 | 1.83 | B- | 50 | .0400 | Yes | r > v perceptible |
| Pararobertsite | 1.79 | 1.81 | 1.83 | B- | 84 | .0400 | No | |
| Delindeite | 1.79 | 1.825 | 1.982 | B+ | 54 | .1920 | No | |
| Mroseite | 1.79 | 1.85 | 1.89 | B- | 80 | .1000 | No | |
| 1.79 | 1.858 | 1.888 | B- | 65 | .0980 | Yes | r < v strong | |
| Mourite | 1.79 | B | Yes | |||||
| Sedovite | 1.79 | B | No | |||||
| Protasite | 1.79 to 1.83 | 1.79 to 1.83 | B- | 60-65 | No | |||
| Pseudomalachite # | 1.791 | 1.856 | 1.867 | B- | 48 | .0760 | No | |
| Jimboite | 1.792 | 1.794 | 1.821 | B+ | 30 | .0290 | No | |
| Franklinfurnaceite | 1.792 | 1.798 | 1.802 | B- | 79 | .0100 | No | |
| Lautarite # | 1.792 | 1.84 | 1.888 | B+ | 90 | .0960 | No | |
| Natrobetpakdalite | 1.792 | 1.81 | B | .0180 | Yes | |||
| Perloffite | 1.793 | 1.803 | 1.808 | B- | 70-80 | .0150 | Yes | r << v |
| Sarkinite # | 1.793 | 1.807 | 1.809 | B- | 83 | .0160 | No | |
| Tavorite # | 1.795 | 1.81 | 1.835 | B+ | 74 | .0400 | No | |
| Esseneite | 1.795 | 1.815 | 1.825 | B- | 77 | .0300 | No | |
| Stranskiite | 1.795 | 1.842 | 1.874 | B- | 80 | .0790 | No | |
| Rhonite # | 1.795 to 1.81 | 1.806 to 1.825 | 1.83 to 1.845 | B+ | 50-90 | .0350 | Yes | r > v extreme |
| Lotharmeyerite | 1.797 | 1.804 | 1.815 | B+ | 80 | .0180 | Yes | |
| Gottlobite ! | 1.797 | 1.805 to 1.815 | 1.828 | B | very large | .0310 | Yes | r > v medium |
| Ansermetite ! | 1.797 | 1.856 | B | .0590 | Yes | |||
| Barnesite | 1.797 | B- | No | |||||
| Compreignacite | 1.798 | 1.802 | B- | 10-15 | No | |||
| Azoproite | 1.799 | 1.822 | 1.855 | B+ | .0560 | No | ||
| Makarochkinite ! | 1.799 | 1.86 | B | .0610 | Yes | |||
| Nickellotharmeyerite ! | 1.8 | 1.81 | 1.87 | B+ | 40 | .0700 | Yes | |
| Radovanite ! | 1.8 | 1.84 | 1.86 | B- | 65 | .0600 | Yes | |
| Mrazekite | 1.8 | 1.86 to 1.87 | 1.9 | B- | .1000 | No | ||
| Cassagnaite ! | 1.8 | 1.81 | B | .0100 | Yes | |||
| Keyite | 1.8 | 1.87 | B | .0700 | Yes | |||
| Rouseite | 1.8 | 1.9 | B- | 46 | .1000 | No | r > v | |
| Eyselite ! | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | B+ | large | .0000 | No | |
| Belloite ! | 1.8 | B | Yes | |||||
| Muskoxite | 1.8 to 1.81 | B- | 15-40 | No | ||||
| Orthoericssonite | 1.802 | 1.84 | 1.888 | B+ | 50 | .0860 | No | |
| Ericssonite | 1.802 to 1.807 | 1.833 to 1.84 | 1.888 to 1.891 | B+ | 30 | .0860 | Yes | |
| Widenmannite | 1.803 | 1.905 | 1.945 | B- | 63 | .1420 | No | |
| Cerussite # | 1.803 | 2.074 | 2.076 | B- | 8-14 | .2730 | No | relatively strong |
| Reppiaite | 1.803 | 1.81 | B- | .0070 | No | |||
| Warwickite # | 1.806 | 1.809 | 1.83 | B+ | 59 | .0240 | No | |
| Spriggite ! | 1.807 | 1.891 | B | .0840 | No | |||
| Tornebohmite-(La) # | 1.808 | 1.812 | 1.838 | B+ | .0300 | Yes | r > v strong | |
| Linarite # | 1.809 | 1.838 | 1.859 | B- | 80 | .0500 | Yes | relatively weak |
| 1.809 | 1.876 | 1.912 | B- | 72 | .1030 | No | r >> v | |
| Welshite | 1.81 | 1.81 | 1.83 | B-+ | 45 | .0200 | Yes | |
| Theoparacelsite ! | 1.81 | 1.82 | 1.86 | B+ | 57 | .0500 | Yes | r > v marked |
| Gasparite-(Ce) | 1.81 | 1.825 | 1.92 | B+ | 40-45 | .1100 | No | |
| Bahianite | 1.81 | 1.87 | 1.92 | B- | .1100 | No | ||
| Kolfanite | 1.81 | 1.923 | 1.933 | B- | 5-7 | .1230 | No | |
| Hummerite # | 1.81 | B- | No | strong | ||||
| Kegelite | 1.81 | B- | No | |||||
| Anthoinite # | 1.81 to 1.82 | B | No | |||||
| Cornwallite # | 1.812 | 1.815 | 1.85 | B+ | 30-50 | .0380 | No | |
| Hejtmanite | 1.814 | 1.846 | 1.867 | B- | 76-76.8 | .0530 | No | |
| Lourenswalsite | 1.815 | 1.84 | 1.84 | B- | .0250 | Yes | ||
| Arseniosiderite # | 1.815 | 1.898 | 1.898 | B- | 0 | .0830 | No | |
| Tlapallite | 1.815 to 1.915 | 1.96 to 2.115 | 1.96 to 2.115 | B- | small | .1450 to .2000 | No | |
| Johntomaite ! | 1.817 | 1.829 | 1.837 | B- | 80-85 | .0200 | Yes | strong |
| Uvanite # | 1.817 | 1.879 | 2.057 | B+ | 52 | .2400 | Yes | |
| Caledonite # | 1.818 | 1.866 | 1.909 | B- | 85 | .0910 | Yes | none |
| Fianelite ! | 1.82 | 1.82 | B | 5-10 | Yes | small | ||
| Dorrite | 1.82 | 1.84 | 1.86 | B- | 90 | .0400 | Yes | |
| Noelbensonite ! | 1.82 | 1.845 | 1.85 | B- | 46 | .0300 | Yes | distinct to strong, r > v |
| Burckhardtite | 1.82 | 1.85 | 1.85 | B- | 0-5 | .0300 | Yes | |
| Liebenbergite | 1.82 | 1.854 | 1.888 | B- | 80 | .0680 | No | |
| Fredrikssonite | 1.82 | 1.86 | 1.99 | B+ | 51 | .1700 | Yes | |
| Lazarenkoite | 1.82 | 1.92 | 1.955 | B- | 30 | .1350 | Yes | |
| Hennomartinite | 1.82 | B-+ | 63 | No | ||||
| Grantsite | 1.82 | B- | No | |||||
| Dufrenite # | 1.82 to 1.842 | 1.83 to 1.85 | 1.875 to 1.925 | B-+ | 0-90 | .0550 to .0830 | No | relatively strong |
| Dietzeite # | 1.825 | 1.842 | 1.857 | B- | 86 | .0320 | No | |
| Ferriallanite-(Ce) ! | 1.825 | 1.855 | 1.88 | B- | .0550 | Yes | r < v strong | |
| Manganipiemontite-(Sr) ! | 1.825 | B+ | Yes | |||||
| Lukrahnite ! | 1.83 | 1.834 | 1.89 | B+ | 30 | .0600 | Yes | |
| Ferrilotharmeyerite | 1.83 | 1.835 | 1.87 | B+ | 40 | .0400 | Yes | r > v distinct |
| Clinoatacamite ! | 1.83 | 1.85 | 1.88 | B- | 75 | .0500 | No | strong, r < v |
| Utahite ! | 1.83 to 1.84 | 1.83 to 1.9 | 1.88 to 1.9 | B | .0500 to .0600 | No | ||
| Ludwigite # | 1.83 to 1.85 | 1.83 to 1.9 | 1.97 to 2.03 | B+ | Small | .1400 to .1800 | Yes | r >> v extreme |
| Atacamite # | 1.831 | 1.861 | 1.88 | B- | 75 | .0490 | No | strong, r < v |
| Rusakovite | 1.833 | B | No | |||||
| Demesmaekerite | 1.835 | 1.91 | B+ | .0750 | No | |||
| Gillardite ! | 1.836 | 1.838 | B+ | Yes | ||||
| Melkovite | 1.838 | B | Yes | |||||
| Metarossite # | 1.84 | 1.85 | 1.85 | B+ | 70 | .0100 | No | relatively strong |
| Mozartite | 1.84 | 1.855 | 1.92 | B+ | 50-52.8 | .0800 | Yes |