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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
( Bold - Valid Mineral Name)
(* - Mineral Name is Not IMA Approved)
(! - New Dana Classification Number Has Been Changed or Added)
(? - IMA Discredited Mineral Species Name)
(# - Grandfathered as valid)
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| Mineral Name | α | β | γ | Sign | 2V | Bire | Pleo- chroic |
Dispersion |
| Artinite # | 1.488 to 1.489 | 1.533 to 1.534 | 1.556 to 1.557 | B- | 71 | .0680 | Yes | none |
| Dachiardite-Ca # | 1.488 to 1.494 | 1.49 to 1.496 | 1.494 to 1.499 | B+ | 58-73 | .0060 | Yes | r > v strong |
| Gobbinsite | 1.489 | 1.489 | 1.494 | B- | 0 | .0050 | No | |
| Starkeyite # | 1.49 | 1.491 | 1.497 | B+ | 50 | .0070 | No | |
| Struvite-(K) ! | 1.49 | 1.493 | B+ | large | No | |||
| Nickelboussingaultite | 1.49 | 1.494 | 1.501 | B+ | .0110 | No | ||
| Hectorite # | 1.49 | 1.5 | 1.52 | B- | .0300 | Yes | ||
| Bearsite | 1.49 | 1.502 | 1.502 | B- | .0120 | No | ||
| Ulexite # | 1.49 | 1.51 | 1.52 | B+ | 73-78 | .0300 | Yes | none |
| Whewellite # | 1.49 | 1.555 | 1.65 | B+ | 80 | .1600 | Yes | none |
| Nahpoite | 1.49 | 1.505 | B | .0150 | No | |||
| Bradleyite # | 1.49 | 1.56 | B- | .0700 | No | |||
| Uranospathite # | 1.492 | 1.511 | 1.521 | B- | 69 | .0290 | No | |
| Swinefordite | 1.492 | 1.524 | 1.526 | B- | 29-45 | .0340 | No | |
| Eugsterite | 1.492 | 1.496 | B | .0040 | No | |||
| Hectorfloresite | 1.493 | 1.521 | 1.523 | B- | 26 | .0300 | No | |
| Arcanite # | 1.4935 | 1.4947 | 1.4973 | B+ | 67 | .0038 | No | |
| Kainite # | 1.494 | 1.505 | 1.516 | B- | 90 | .0220 | No | |
| Grumantite | 1.494 | 1.507 | 1.523 | B+ | 85 | .0290 | No | weak, r > v |
| Nasinite | 1.494 | 1.512 | 1.524 | B- | 66.8 | .0300 | No | |
| Humboldtine # | 1.494 | 1.561 | 1.692 | B+ | 70-90 | .1980 | Yes | |
| Beidellite # | 1.494 to 1.503 | 1.525 to 1.532 | 1.526 to 1.533 | B- | 9-16 | .0320 | No | none |
| Struvite # | 1.495 | 1.496 | 1.504 | B+ | 37.367 | .0090 | No | |
| Yugawaralite # | 1.495 | 1.497 | 1.504 | B+ | 78 | .0090 | No | |
| Goosecreekite | 1.495 | 1.498 | 1.502 | B- | .0070 | No | ||
| Inyoite # | 1.495 | 1.505 to 1.5115 | 1.52 | B- | 70-84 | .0250 | Yes | relatively weak |
| Bischofite # | 1.495 | 1.507 | 1.528 | B+ | 79.4 | .0330 | No | |
| Schrockingerite # | 1.495 | 1.543 | 1.544 | B- | 16 | .0490 | Yes | |
| Canaphite | 1.496 | 1.504 | 1.506 | B- | 52 | .0100 | No | |
| Biringuccite | 1.496 | 1.539 | 1.557 | B- | 62.7 | .0610 | No | |
| Mereiterite ! | 1.497 | 1.501 | 1.509 | B+ | 73 | .0120 | No | very weak, r > v |
| Liebigite # | 1.497 | 1.502 | 1.539 | B+ | 40 | .0420 | Yes | r > v moderate |
| Meta-aluminite | 1.497 | 1.512 | 1.513 | B- | .0160 | No | ||
| Zaherite | 1.498 | 1.4981 | 1.499 | B+ | moderate | .0010 | No | |
| Hexahydroborite | 1.498 | 1.503 | 1.51 | B+ | 83 | .0120 | No | |
| Montesommaite | 1.498 | 1.506 | 1.507 | B- | 35 | .0090 | No | |
| Jokokuite | 1.498 | 1.51 | 1.517 | B- | 70-80 | .0190 | No | |
| Wairakite # | 1.498 | 1.502 | B-+ | 70-105 | .0040 | No | ||
| Giorgiosite # | 1.498 | 1.513 | B | .0150 | No | |||
| Minguzzite # | 1.498 to 1.501 | 1.554 to 1.555 | 1.594 to 1.597 | B- | 78 | .0960 | Yes | |
| Amicite | 1.498 | B | No | |||||
| Merlinoite | 1.499 | 1.5 | 1.501 | B- | 56 | .0020 | No | r > v |
| Hydrochlorborite | 1.499 | 1.502 | 1.521 | B+ | 45 | .0220 | No | |
| Nabesite ! | 1.499 | 1.507 | 1.511 | B- | 65 | .0120 | No | |
| Loughlinite | 1.5 | 1.505 | 1.525 | B+ | 60 | .0250 | No | |
| Nobleite | 1.5 | 1.52 | 1.554 | B+ | 76 | .0540 | No | |
| Meyerhofferite # | 1.5 | 1.535 | 1.56 | B- | 78 | .0600 | No | relatively weak |
| Podlesnoite ! | 1.5 | 1.612 | 1.614 | B- | 10 | .1140 | Yes | |
| Aldermanite | 1.5 | B | No | |||||
| Mountainite # | 1.5 to 1.504 | 1.505 to 1.51 | 1.513 to 1.519 | B+ | moderate | .0130 to .0150 | No | |
| Bilinite # | 1.5 | B-+ | No | |||||
| Garronite | 1.5 to 1.515 | B | No | |||||
| Prosopite # | 1.501 | 1.503 | 1.51 | B+ | 62.75 | .0090 | Yes | none |
| Sveite | 1.501 | 1.503 | 1.535 | B+ | small | .0340 | No | |
| Letovicite # | 1.501 | 1.516 | 1.525 | B- | 75 | .0240 | No | |
| Syngenite # | 1.501 | 1.5166 | 1.5176 | B- | 28.3 | .0166 | No | relatively strong |
| Kladnoite # | 1.501 | 1.519 | 1.755 | B+ | .2540 | No | ||
| Hydrodresserite | 1.501 | 1.594 | 1.595 | B- | 17 | .0940 | No | |
| Rhodesite # | 1.501 to 1.504 | 1.506 to 1.508 | 1.513 to 1.518 | B+ | .0120 to .0140 | No | ||
| Rabbittite # | 1.502 | 1.508 | 1.525 | B+ | .0230 | Yes | ||
| Epistilbite # | 1.502 | 1.51 | 1.512 | B- | 44 | .0100 | Yes | relatively strong |
| Tertschite # | 1.502 | 1.517 | B | .0150 | No | |||
| Laumontite # | 1.502 to 1.519 | 1.512 to 1.525 | 1.513 to 1.526 | B- | 25-47 | .0110 | Yes | marked to extreme, r < v |
| Harmotome # | 1.503 | 1.505 | 1.508 | B+ | 43 | .0050 | No | none |
| Hydrodelhayelite | 1.503 | 1.518 | B | .0150 | No | |||
| Evenkite # | 1.504 | 1.504 | 1.553 | B+ | .0490 | No | ||
| Ussingite # | 1.504 | 1.508 to 1.509 | 1.543 to 1.545 | B+ | 32-39 | .0390 to .0410 | Yes | |
| Petalite # | 1.504 | 1.51 | 1.516 | B+ | 83.5 | .0120 | No | |
| Mitryaevaite ! | 1.504 | 1.515 | B+ | 14 | .0110 | Yes | ||
| Hannayite # | 1.504 to 1.555 | 1.522 to 1.572 | 1.539 to 1.579 | B- | 45-90 | .0350 | No | |
| Pirssonite # | 1.5043 | 1.5095 | 1.5751 | B+ | 31.433 | .0708 | No | relatively weak |
| Mesolite # | 1.505 | 1.505 | 1.506 | B+ | 80 | .0010 | No | strong, r > v |
| Willhendersonite | 1.505 | 1.511 | 1.517 | B | 87 | .0120 | No | |
| Flagstaffite # | 1.505 | 1.512 | 1.524 | B+ | 77 | .0190 | No | |
| Stanleyite | 1.505 | 1.519 | 1.533 | B+ | large | .0280 | No | |
| Cowlesite | 1.505 to 1.513 | 1.509 to 1.516 | 1.509 to 1.518 | B- | 30-53 | .0040 to .0050 | Yes | |
| Heulandite-Ba ! | 1.5056 | 1.5064 | 1.515 | B+ | 38 | .0094 | No | r > v distinct |
| Swaknoite | 1.506 | 1.51 | 1.512 | B+ | 65-70 | .0060 | No | |
| Brianroulstonite ! | 1.506 | 1.527 | 1.532 | B- | 56 | .0260 | Yes | none |
| Copiapite # | 1.506 to 1.54 | 1.528 to 1.549 | 1.575 to 1.6 | B+ | 45-74 | .0690 | Yes | none |
| Carboborite | 1.5069 | 1.5459 | 1.5693 | B- | 75 | .0624 | Yes | |
| Changoite ! | 1.507 | 1.512 | 1.517 | B- | .0100 | No | ||
| Natrosilite | 1.507 | 1.517 | 1.521 | B- | 49-64 | .0140 | No | |
| Magnesiocopiapite # | 1.507 | 1.529 | 1.576 | B+ | 67 | .0690 | No | |
| Scolecite # | 1.507 to 1.513 | 1.516 to 1.52 | 1.517 to 1.521 | B- | 36-56 | .0100 | Yes | relatively strong |
| Glauberite # | 1.507 to 1.515 | 1.527 to 1.535 | 1.529 to 1.536 | B- | 0-7 | .0220 | Yes | strong, r > v |
| Dypingite | 1.508 | 1.51 | 1.516 | B+ | .0080 | Yes | ||
| Wooldridgeite ! | 1.508 | 1.511 | 1.517 | B+ | 76.2 | .0090 | Yes | none |
| Schertelite # | 1.508 | 1.515 | 1.523 | B+ | 90 | .0150 | No | |
| Phosphammite # | 1.508 | 1.518 | 1.53 | B+ | .0220 | No | ||
| Sideronatrite # | 1.508 | 1.525 | 1.586 | B+ | 58 | .0780 | Yes | r > v strong |
| Kaliborite # | 1.5081 | 1.5255 | 1.55 | B+ | 80.633 | .0419 | No | |
| Larderellite # | 1.509 | 1.52 | 1.561 | B+ | 64 | .0520 | No | |
| Scarbroite | 1.509 | B | No | |||||
| Olympite | 1.51 | 1.51 | 1.512 | B+ | 46 | .0020 | No | |
| Solongoite | 1.51 | 1.51 | 1.545 | B+ | .0350 | No | ||
| Brewsterite-Sr # | 1.51 | 1.512 | 1.523 | B+ | 65 | .0130 | Yes | |
| Monteregianite-(Y) | 1.51 | 1.513 | 1.517 | B+ | 87 | .0070 | Yes | |
| Lithosite | 1.51 | 1.513 | 1.527 | B+ | 47 | .0170 | Yes | |
| Bikitaite # | 1.51 | 1.521 | 1.523 | B- | 45 | .0130 | Yes |