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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
( Bold - Valid Mineral Name)
(* - Mineral Name is Not IMA Approved)
(! - New Dana Classification Number Has Been Changed or Added)
(? - IMA Discredited Mineral Species Name)
(# - Grandfathered as valid)
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| Mineral Name | α | β | γ | Sign | 2V | Bire | Pleo- chroic |
Dispersion |
| Brochantite # | 1.728 | 1.771 | 1.8 | B- | 72 | .0720 | No | relatively weak |
| Bederite ! | 1.729 | 1.738 | 1.741 | B | 54 | .0120 | Yes | r < v strong |
| Philipsburgite | 1.729 | 1.774 | 1.775 | B- | 16 | .0460 | Yes | r >> v |
| Jinshajiangite | 1.729 | 1.802 | 1.852 | B+ | 72 | .1230 | Yes | r < v |
| Steigerite # | 1.73 | 1.734 | 1.752 | B+ | 58 | .0220 | Yes | |
| Waterhouseite ! | 1.73 | 1.738 | 1.738 | B- | .0080 | Yes | ||
| Suzukiite | 1.73 | 1.739 | 1.748 | B- | 90 | .0180 | Yes | |
| Phosphoinnelite ! | 1.73 | 1.745 | 1.764 | B+ | ~90 | .0340 | No | |
| Ferrorosemaryite ! | 1.73 | 1.758 | 1.775 | B- | 82 | .0450 | Yes | strong, r < v |
| Azurite # | 1.73 | 1.758 | 1.838 | B+ | 68 | .1080 | Yes | relatively weak |
| Clinoclase # | 1.73 | 1.87 | 1.91 | B- | 30 | .1800 | No | relatively strong |
| Melanovanadite # | 1.73 | 1.96 | 1.98 | B- | .2500 | No | ||
| Gerdtremmelite | 1.73 to 1.74 | 1.83 to 1.84 | B | .1000 | No | |||
| Iriginite # | 1.73 to 1.764 | 1.82 to 1.889 | 1.93 to 1.936 | B- | 60 | .2000 | No | |
| Conichalcite # | 1.73 to 1.8 | 1.795 to 1.831 | 1.771 to 1.846 | B-+ | 0-90 | .0410 to .0460 | No | |
| 1.73 | B | No | ||||||
| Carboirite-VIII | 1.731 | 1.735 | 1.74 | B+ | 7 | .0090 | Yes | r > v strong |
| Carboirite-III | 1.731 | 1.735 | 1.74 | B+ | 7 | .0090 | No | |
| Thalenite-(Y) # | 1.731 | 1.738 | 1.744 | B- | 68 | .0130 | No | |
| Ericaite # | 1.731 | 1.755 | 1.755 | B- | small | .0240 | No | |
| Pauflerite ! | 1.731 | 1.778 | 1.845 | B+ | ~90 | .1140 | Yes | |
| Fayalite # | 1.731 to 1.824 | 1.76 to 1.864 | 1.773 to 1.875 | B- | 74-47 | .0420 to .0510 | Yes | weak, r > v |
| Chambersite | 1.732 | 1.737 | 1.744 | B+ | 83 | .0120 | No | |
| Garyansellite | 1.733 | 1.757 | 1.761 | B- | 55 | .0280 | No | |
| Macaulayite | 1.734 | B | Yes | |||||
| Bario-orthojoaquinite | 1.735 | 1.737 | 1.8 | B+ | 10-15 | .0650 | Yes | |
| Dissakisite-(Ce) ! | 1.735 | 1.741 | 1.758 | B+ | 64.2 | .0230 | Yes | r < v medium |
| Hagendorfite # | 1.735 | 1.742 | 1.745 | B- | 68 | .0100 | Yes | r > v |
| Marecottite ! | 1.735 | 1.75 | B | .0150 | Yes | |||
| Sursassite # | 1.736 | 1.755 | 1.766 | B- | medium | .0300 | Yes | |
| Arthurite | 1.736 | 1.767 | 1.796 | B-+ | ~90 | .0600 | Yes | |
| Staurolite # | 1.736 to 1.747 | 1.74 to 1.754 | 1.745 to 1.762 | B+ | 88 | .0090 to .0150 | Yes | weak to moderate, r > v |
| Creaseyite | 1.737 | 1.747 | 1.768 | B+ | 69 | .0310 | Yes | |
| Surinamite | 1.738 | 1.743 | 1.746 | B- | 67-68 | .0080 | No | |
| Arsenuranylite # | 1.738 | 1.761 | 1.774 | B- | .0360 | No | ||
| Walentaite | 1.738 | 1.779 | B+ | Yes | ||||
| Przhevalskite # | 1.739 | 1.749 | 1.752 | B- | 30 | .0130 | No | |
| Titantaramellite | 1.739 to 1.753 | 1.749 to 1.761 | 1.77 to 1.782 | B+ | 45-77 | .0310 | Yes | |
| Dissakisite-(La) ! | 1.7395 | 1.7434 | 1.7495 | B+ | 77 | .0100 | Yes | r < v medium |
| Andremeyerite | 1.74 | 1.74 | 1.76 | B+ | 0 | .0200 | No | |
| Paranatisite | 1.74 | 1.741 | 1.765 | B+ | 20-23 | .0250 | No | |
| Gatehouseite | 1.74 | 1.75 | 1.76 | B-+ | .0200 | No | ||
| Minasgeraisite-(Y) | 1.74 | 1.754 | 1.786 | B+ | 68 | .0460 | No | |
| Meurigite-Na ! | 1.74 | 1.759 | 1.763 | B- | 50 | .0230 | Yes | dispersion not observed |
| Belyankinite # | 1.74 | 1.772 to 1.78 | 1.775 to 1.78 | B- | 21-25 | .0350 to .0400 | Yes | |
| Reinerite | 1.74 | 1.79 | 1.82 | B- | .0800 | No | ||
| Gerasimovskite # | 1.74 | 1.81 | 1.81 | B- | 18 | .0700 | No | |
| Sinoite | 1.74 | 1.855 | 1.855 | B- | .1150 | No | ||
| Scheuchzerite ! | 1.74 | 1.75 | B+ | .0100 | Yes | |||
| Vanadoandrosite-(Ce) ! | 1.74 | 1.82 | B-+ | .0800 | Yes | |||
| Manganiandrosite-(Ce) ! | 1.74 | B+ | 80.6 | Yes | RI > 1.74 | |||
| Kristiansenite ! | 1.74 | B | No | undulatory extinction | ||||
| Ardennite-(As) # | 1.74 to 1.79 | B+ | 0-70 | Yes | strong, r > v | |||
| Wolfeite # | 1.741 | 1.742 | 1.79 | B+ | .0490 | No | ||
| Natalyite | 1.741 | 1.762 | 1.762 | B- | 8-12 | .0210 | No | |
| Cobaltarthurite ! | 1.741 | 1.762 | 1.797 | B+ | .0560 | Yes | ||
| Barytolamprophyllite | 1.742 to 1.743 | 1.754 | 1.776 to 1.778 | B+ | 29-30 | .0340 to .0350 | Yes | r > v |
| Caracolite # | 1.743 | 1.754 | 1.764 | B- | .0210 | No | ||
| Byelorussite-(Ce) | 1.743 | 1.76 | 1.82 | B+ | 58-62 | .0770 | No | |
| Lasalite ! | 1.743 | 1.773 | 1.78 | B- | .0370 | Yes | strong, r > v | |
| Normandite ! | 1.743 | 1.785 | 1.81 | B- | 72 -84 | .0670 | Yes | r > v moderate |
| Tundrite-(Ce) | 1.743 | 1.8 | 1.88 | B+ | .1370 | No | strong, r > v | |
| Hingganite-(Y) | 1.744 to 1.748 | 1.752 to 1.765 | 1.75 to 1.783 | B+ | 80 | .0060 to .0350 | No | r<v, strong |
| Chrysoberyl # | 1.745 | 1.748 | 1.754 | B+ | 45 | .0090 | Yes | none |
| Tiragalloite | 1.745 | 1.751 | 1.76 | B+ | 38-46 | .0150 | No | |
| Odanielite | 1.745 | 1.753 | 1.778 | B+ | 60 | .0330 | No | |
| Rollandite ! | 1.745 | 1.755 | 1.76 | B- | 71 | .0150 | Yes | strong, r < v |
| Nickelzippeite | 1.745 | 1.777 | 1.84 | B+ | .0950 | No | ||
| Gysinite-(Nd) | 1.745 | 1.805 | 1.84 | B- | 70 | .0950 | No | |
| Tinticite # | 1.745 | 1.7455 | B | .0005 | No | |||
| Prosperite | 1.746 | 1.748 | 1.768 | B+ | 34 | .0220 | No | r > v |
| Lamprophyllite # | 1.746 | 1.754 | 1.779 | B+ | 21-43 | .0330 | No | |
| Namansilite | 1.746 | 1.769 | 1.837 | B- | 15-20 | .0910 | No | |
| Pyroxferroite | 1.746 to 1.756 | 1.75 to 1.758 | 1.764 to 1.768 | B+ | 30-40 | .0180 | No | |
| Warikahnite | 1.747 | 1.753 | 1.768 | B+ | 75 | .0210 | No | |
| Joesmithite | 1.747 | 1.765 | 1.78 | B+ | 60-70 | .0330 | Yes | |
| Cobaltzippeite | 1.747 | 1.779 | 1.84 | B- | .0930 | No | ||
| Johnwalkite | 1.748 | 1.763 | 1.84 | B+ | 53 | .0920 | Yes | |
| Maxwellite | 1.748 | 1.772 | 1.798 | B+ | 86-89 | .0500 | Yes | r > v strong |
| Joaquinite-(Ce) # | 1.748 to 1.754 | 1.76 to 1.767 | 1.762 to 1.823 | B+ | 40 | .0140 to .0690 | Yes | |
| Orthojoaquinite-(Ce) | 1.748 to 1.754 | 1.76 to 1.767 | 1.762 to 1.823 | B+ | 40 | .0140 to .0690 | Yes | |
| Nagashimalite | 1.75 | 1.753 | 1.78 | B+ | 30 | .0300 | Yes | |
| Nabalamprophyllite ! | 1.75 | 1.755 | 1.799 | B+ | 40 | .0490 | Yes | r > v strong |
| Komarovite | 1.75 | 1.766 | 1.85 | B+ | 48 | .1000 | No | |
| Serrabrancaite ! | 1.75 | 1.79 | 1.8 | B | .0500 | Yes | ||
| Becquerelite # | 1.75 | 1.87 | 1.88 | B- | small | .1300 | Yes | |
| Ravatite | 1.75 | 1.95 | B-+ | 90 | .2000 | No | ||
| Tadzhikite-(Ce) | 1.75 to 1.761 | 1.763 to 1.772 | B-+ | 80-92 | .0130 | No | ||
| Tadzhikite-(Y) ! | 1.75 to 1.761 | 1.763 to 1.772 | B-+ | 80-92 | .0130 | No | ||
| Carnotite # | 1.75 to 1.78 | 1.901 to 2.06 | 1.92 to 2.08 | B- | 43-60 | .1700 to .3000 | Yes | none |
| Francevillite | 1.75 to 1.785 | 1.91 to 1.952 | 1.945 to 2.002 | B- | 52 | .1950 to .2170 | No | |
| Synadelphite # | 1.75 to 1.87 | 1.751 to 1.88 | 1.761 to 1.93 | B+ | 37-40 | .0110 to .0600 | Yes | r > v |
| Hingganite-(Ce) | 1.75 | B | No | |||||
| Leucophoenicite # | 1.751 | 1.771 | 1.782 | B- | 74 | .0310 | No | |
| Luetheite | 1.752 | 1.775 | 1.796 | B- | 88 | .0440 | No | |
| Pumpellyite-(Mn++) | 1.752 | 1.795 | 1.8 | B+ | 40-50 | .0480 | Yes | |
| Chestermanite | 1.753 | 1.763 | 1.791 | B+ | 63 | .0380 | Yes | |
| Shattuckite # | 1.753 | 1.782 | 1.815 | B+ | 88 | .0620 | Yes | |
| Iimoriite-(Y) | 1.753 | 1.824 | 1.83 | B- | 31 | .0770 | No | |
| Orthojoaquinite-(La) ! | 1.754 | 1.76 | 1.797 | B+ | 40 | .0430 | Yes |