Uneven - Flat surfaces (not cleavage) fractured in an uneven pattern.
Habit:
Earthy - Dull, clay-like texture with no visible crystalline affinities, (e.g. howlite).
Habit:
Encrustations - Forms crust-like aggregates on matrix.
Habit:
Platy - Sheet forms (e.g. micas).
Hardness:
2 - Gypsum
Luminescence:
Non-fluorescent.
Luster:
Pearly
Magnetism:
Nonmagnetic
Streak:
light yellow
Optical Properties of Carnotite
Gladstone-Dale:
CI meas= -0.288 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC) CI calc= -0.067 (Fair) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.1805,KPDmeas= 0.2179,KC= 0.1692 Ncalc = 1.63 - 1.86
Estimated Radioactivity from Carnotite - very strong
Specimen Size Weight/Volume (Sphere) *
Calculated Activity Bequerols (Bq)
Calculated Activity Curies (Ci)
Estimated Activity GR(api)
Estimated Exposure (mRem**)/hr If Held in Hand For One Hour
1000 gm / 7.22 cm
94,456,860
2.55E-03
3,928,702.45
1,291.63
100 gm / 3.35 cm
9,445,686
2.55E-04
392,870.25
129.16
10 gm / 1.56 cm
944,569
2.55E-05
39,287.02
12.92
1 gm / 7.22 mm
94,457
2.55E-06
3,928.70
1.29
0.1 gm / 3.35 mm
9,446
2.55E-07
392.87
0.13
0.01 gm / 1.56 mm
945
2.55E-08
39.29
0.01
0.001 gm / 0.72 mm
94
2.55E-09
3.93
0.00
Weight of pure Carnotite in grams (gm) and Calculated Diameter of a Sphere with a Density of 5.07 gm/cc.*
Goverment Estimate of Average Annual Exposure (
360 mRem)
** Note: 10 microsieverts/hr = 1 mRem/hr **
Max Permissable Adult Dose 50,000 mRem/yr (hands), 15,000 mRem/yr (eyes)
Lethal Dose LD(50) Exposure 400,000 to 500,000 mRem
Chemical Formula: 
- very strong