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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
( Bold - Valid Mineral Name)
(* - Mineral Name is Not IMA Approved)
(! - New Dana Classification Number Has Been Changed or Added)
(? - IMA Discredited Mineral Species Name)
(# - Grandfathered as valid)
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| Mineral Name | α | β | γ | Sign | 2V | Bire | Pleo- chroic |
Dispersion |
| Vanalite | 1.71 | 1.735 | B | .0250 | No | |||
| Strengite # | 1.71 to 1.74 | 1.72 to 1.75 | 1.74 to 1.76 | B-+ | 0-90 | .0300 | Yes | relatively strong |
| Ferrosilite # | 1.71 to 1.767 | 1.723 to 1.77 | 1.726 to 1.788 | B+ | .0160 to .0210 | Yes | r < v | |
| Rhodonite # | 1.711 to 1.738 | 1.714 to 1.741 | 1.724 to 1.751 | B+ | 58-73 | .0130 | Yes | none |
| Tassieite ! | 1.712 | 1.713 | 1.722 | B+ | 46 | .0100 | Yes | very weak |
| Bredigite # | 1.712 | 1.716 | 1.725 | B+ | 30 | .0130 | No | |
| Johachidolite # | 1.712 | 1.717 | 1.726 | B+ | 70 | .0140 | Yes | |
| Adelite # | 1.712 | 1.721 | 1.731 | B+ | 68.26-90 | .0190 | No | |
| Krinovite | 1.712 | 1.725 | 1.76 | B+ | 61 | .0480 | Yes | |
| Chalcomenite # | 1.712 | 1.732 | 1.732 | B- | 0 | .0200 | No | |
| Kyanite # | 1.712 to 1.718 | 1.72 to 1.725 | 1.727 to 1.734 | B- | 82 | .0150 to .0160 | Yes | weak, r > v |
| Wicksite | 1.713 | 1.718 | 1.728 | B+ | 66 | .0150 | No | |
| Haradaite | 1.713 | 1.721 | 1.734 | B | 90 | .0210 | Yes | r < v very strong |
| Villyaellenite | 1.713 | 1.723 | 1.729 | B- | 70 | .0160 | Yes | |
| Gaitite | 1.713 | 1.73 | 1.748 | B+ | 88 | .0350 | No | |
| Calcioandyrobertsite-1M ! | 1.713 | 1.743 | 1.749 | B- | 50 | .0360 | Yes | |
| Keiviite-(Y) | 1.713 | 1.748 | 1.758 | B- | 55-56 | .0450 | No | |
| Chloritoid # | 1.713 to 1.73 | 1.719 to 1.734 | 1.723 to 1.74 | B+ | 36-89 | .0100 | Yes | r > v |
| Lopezite # | 1.714 | 1.732 | 1.805 | B+ | 50 | .0910 | No | |
| Nickenichite | 1.714 | 1.744 | 1.783 | B+ | 60-84 | .0690 | Yes | |
| Kanoite | 1.715 | 1.715 | 1.728 | B+ | 40-42 | .0130 | No | |
| Jachymovite ! | 1.715 | 1.718 | 1.72 | B- | 78 | .0050 | No | |
| Dollaseite-(Ce) ! | 1.715 | 1.718 | 1.733 | B | .0180 | No | ||
| Trimerite # | 1.715 | 1.72 | 1.725 | B- | 83 | .0100 | No | |
| Homilite # | 1.715 | 1.725 | 1.738 | B+ | 80 | .0230 | No | |
| Calcioandyrobertsite-2O ! | 1.715 | 1.73 | 1.735 | B- | 55 | .0200 | Yes | |
| Renardite # | 1.715 | 1.736 | 1.739 | B- | 41 | .0240 | Yes | r > v |
| Johillerite | 1.715 | 1.743 | 1.783 | B+ | 80 | .0680 | No | |
| Erythrosiderite # | 1.715 | 1.75 | 1.8 | B+ | 62 | .0850 | No | strong, r > v |
| Kremersite # | 1.715 | 1.75 | 1.8 | B+ | 62 | .0850 | No | |
| Ogdensburgite | 1.715 | 1.783 | 1.785 | B- | 5-10 | .0700 | Yes | |
| Mandarinoite | 1.715 | 1.8 | 1.87 | B- | 85 | .1550 | No | |
| Dolerophanite # | 1.715 | 1.82 | 1.88 | B+ | 85 | .1650 | No | |
| Hisingerite # | 1.715 | 1.73 | B- | 0-5 | .0150 | No | ||
| Saneroite | 1.715 to 1.725 | 1.74 to 1.745 | 1.745 to 1.75 | B- | 40-48 | .0300 | Yes | |
| Sicklerite # | 1.715 to 1.74 | 1.735 to 1.77 | 1.745 to 1.83 | B- | 60-90 | .0300 to .0900 | Yes | relatively strong |
| Allanite-(Ce) ! | 1.715 to 1.791 | 1.718 to 1.815 | 1.733 to 1.822 | B- | 40-80 | .0180 to .0310 | Yes | distinct to strong, r > v |
| Allanite-(Y) ! | 1.715 to 1.791 | 1.718 to 1.815 | 1.733 to 1.822 | B- | 40-80 | .0180 to .0310 | Yes | distinct to strong, r > v |
| Manganbabingtonite | 1.716 | 1.73 | 1.746 | B+ | 78-82 | .0300 | Yes | r >> v strong |
| Piergorite-(Ce) ! | 1.717 | 1.728 | 1.735 | B- | 68 | .0180 | No | |
| Babingtonite # | 1.717 | 1.73 | 1.752 | B+ | 60-65 | .0350 | Yes | relatively strong |
| Ungarettiite | 1.717 | 1.78 | 1.8 | B- | 57 | .0830 | Yes | r < v |
| Niobokupletskite ! | 1.718 | 1.733 | 1.75 | B+ | 87 | .0320 | Yes | |
| Bleasdaleite ! | 1.718 | 1.748 | 1.748 | B- | .0300 | Yes | ||
| Fluorthalenite-(Y) ! | 1.719 | 1.739 | 1.748 | B- | 73 | .0290 | Yes | r < v moderate |
| Landesite # | 1.72 | 1.728 | 1.735 | B- | 60-90 | .0150 | No | |
| Gageite-2M # | 1.72 | 1.73 | 1.73 | B- | 20-50 | .0100 | No | relatively strong |
| Gittinsite | 1.72 | 1.736 | 1.738 | B- | 30 | .0180 | No | |
| Hodgkinsonite # | 1.72 | 1.741 | 1.746 | B- | 52 | .0260 | No | |
| Andyrobertsite ! | 1.72 | 1.749 | 1.757 | B- | 50 | .0370 | Yes | |
| Metauranopilite # | 1.72 | 1.76 | 1.76 | B- | .0400 | No | ||
| Melonjosephite | 1.72 | 1.77 | 1.8 | B- | 80-85 | .0800 | No | |
| Franconite | 1.72 | 1.78 | 1.79 | B- | 35 | .0700 | Yes | |
| Guilleminite | 1.72 | 1.798 | 1.805 | B- | 35 | .0850 | No | |
| Cronstedtite # | 1.72 | 1.8 | 1.8 | B- | 0 | .0800 | No | |
| Hochelagaite | 1.72 | 1.81 | 1.82 | B+ | 35 | .1000 | No | |
| Tyuyamunite # | 1.72 | 1.868 | 1.953 | B- | 48 | .2330 | Yes | r < v weak |
| Poughite | 1.72 | 1.985 | 1.99 | B- | 15-20 | .2700 | Yes | |
| Arhbarite | 1.72 | 1.74 | B | 90 | .0200 | Yes | ||
| Ferrotschermakite ! | 1.72 | 1.75 | B- | 70 | .0300 | No | ||
| Clinocervantite ! | 1.72 | 2.1 | B | .3800 | No | |||
| Spertiniite | 1.72 | B | No | |||||
| Sabinaite | 1.72 to 1.74 | 1.79 to 1.8 | 1.85 to 1.9 | B- | 85 | .1300 to .1600 | No | r > v |
| Aegirine # | 1.72 to 1.778 | 1.74 to 1.819 | 1.757 to 1.839 | B- | 60-90 | .0370 to .0610 | Yes | r > v |
| Ferrimolybdite # | 1.72 to 1.78 | 1.73 to 1.79 | 1.87 to 2.05 | B+ | 5-28 | .1500 to .2700 | Yes | r < v marked |
| Helmutwinklerite | 1.72 to 1.83 | 1.8 to 1.87 | 1.89 to 1.98 | B+ | 70 | .1700 | No | |
| Magnesiochloritoid | 1.72 | B | No | |||||
| Liebauite | 1.722 | 1.723 | 1.734 | B+ | 72.8 | .0120 | No | |
| Gladiusite ! | 1.722 | 1.73 | 1.737 | B- | > 50 | .0150 | Yes | |
| Zincostaurolite ! | 1.722 | 1.734 | B+ | .0120 | Yes | |||
| Mukhinite ! | 1.723 | 1.733 | 1.755 | B+ | 88 | .0320 | Yes | |
| Gageite # | 1.723 | 1.734 | 1.736 | B- | .0130 | No | strong, r < v | |
| Roselite-beta # | 1.723 | 1.737 | 1.756 | B- | 80-90 | .0330 | No | |
| Arakiite ! | 1.723 | 1.744 | 1.75 | B- | 40-44 | .0270 | Yes | r > v medium |
| Keiviite-(Yb) | 1.723 | 1.758 | 1.768 | B- | .0450 | No | ||
| Epidote ! | 1.723 to 1.751 | 1.73 to 1.784 | 1.736 to 1.797 | B- | 64-89 | .0130 to .0460 | Yes | strong, r > v |
| Chalcocyanite # | 1.724 | 1.733 | 1.739 | B- | 70 | .0150 | No | |
| Bobkingite ! | 1.724 | 1.745 | 1.75 | B- | 33 | .0260 | Yes | |
| Niobophyllite | 1.724 | 1.76 | 1.772 | B- | 60 | .0480 | No | |
| Triploidite # | 1.725 | 1.726 | 1.73 | B+ | .0050 | No | relatively strong | |
| Roselite # | 1.725 | 1.728 | 1.735 | B- | small | .0100 | Yes | r > v weak |
| Hingganite-(Yb) | 1.725 | 1.738 | 1.76 | B+ | 65 | .0350 | No | |
| Khmaralite ! | 1.725 | 1.74 | 1.741 | B- | 34 | .0160 | Yes | r > v strong |
| Seidozerite # | 1.725 | 1.758 | 1.83 | B+ | 68 | .1050 | Yes | |
| Ternovite ! | 1.725 | 1.83 | 1.845 | B- | 39.5 | .1200 | Yes | none |
| Pseudojohannite ! | 1.725 | 1.74 | B+ | .0150 | No | |||
| Shuiskite # | 1.725 to 1.733 | 1.762 to 1.772 | 1.769 to 1.775 | B- | 40-50 | .0440 | Yes | |
| Piemontite ! | 1.725 to 1.756 | 1.73 to 1.789 | 1.75 to 1.832 | B+ | 50-86 | .0250 to .0760 | Yes | strong, r > v |
| Olmsteadite | 1.725 to 1.765 | 1.755 to 1.775 | 1.815 to 1.835 | B+ | 60 | .0900 | Yes | |
| Innelite | 1.726 | 1.737 | 1.766 | B+ | 82 | .0400 | Yes | r > v strong |
| Antlerite # | 1.726 | 1.738 | 1.789 | B+ | 53 | .0630 | Yes | relatively strong |
| Strashimirite | 1.726 | 1.74 | 1.747 | B- | 70 | .0210 | Yes | |
| Paradamite # | 1.726 | 1.771 | 1.78 | B- | 50 | .0540 | No | |
| Pyroxmangite # | 1.726 to 1.748 | 1.728 to 1.75 | 1.744 to 1.764 | B+ | 35-46 | .0180 | No | r > v moderate |
| Kupletskite-(Cs) | 1.726 | 1.758 | B+ | 75 | No | |||
| Batisite | 1.727 | 1.732 | 1.789 | B+ | 7-40 | .0620 | No | |
| Margarosanite # | 1.727 | 1.771 | 1.798 | B- | 78 | .0710 | No | |
| Ilvaite # | 1.727 | 1.87 | 1.883 | B- | 20-30 | .1560 | No | strong, r < v |
| Ferroalluaudite | 1.727 | 1.738 | B+ | .0110 | Yes | r > v strong | ||
| Chloro-potassichastingsite ! | 1.728 | 1.749 | 1.751 | B- | .0230 | Yes | r > v |