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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
( Bold - Valid Mineral Name)
(* - Mineral Name is Not IMA Approved)
(! - New Dana Classification Number Has Been Changed or Added)
(? - IMA Discredited Mineral Species Name)
(# - Grandfathered as valid)
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| Mineral Name | α | β | γ | Sign | 2V | Bire | Pleo- chroic |
Dispersion |
| 1.615 to 1.646 | 1.627 to 1.659 | 1.629 to 1.662 | B- | 40 | .0140 to .0160 | Yes | r > v distinct | |
| 1.615 to 1.646 | 1.627 to 1.659 | 1.629 to 1.662 | B- | 40 | .0140 to .0160 | Yes | r > v distinct | |
| Kurumsakite # | 1.616 | 1.617 | 1.622 to 1.623 | B+ | 35 | .0060 to .0070 | No | |
| Krasnovite ! | 1.616 | 1.629 | 1.64 | B- | 70 -90 | .0240 | Yes | strong, r > v |
| Carbonatecyanotrichite | 1.616 | 1.63 | 1.677 | B+ | 55-60 | .0610 | Yes | strong, r > v |
| Barahonaite-(Al) ! | 1.616 | 1.622 | B- | .0060 | Yes | |||
| Magnesiohornblende | 1.616 to 1.68 | 1.626 to 1.695 | 1.636 to 1.7 | B- | 66-85 | .0200 | Yes | r > v or r < v |
| Afwillite # | 1.6169 | 1.6204 | 1.6336 | B+ | 54.666 | .0167 | No | |
| Chesterite | 1.617 | 1.632 | 1.64 | B- | 71 | .0230 | No | |
| Rabejacite | 1.617 | 1.71 | 1.758 | B- | 68 | .1410 | Yes | r > v weak |
| Grossite | 1.6178 | 1.6184 | 1.6516 | B+ | 15.5 | .0338 | No | |
| Fluoro-magnesio-arfvedsonite ! | 1.618 | 1.629 | 1.632 | B+ | 50-70 | .0140 | Yes | r > v |
| Segelerite | 1.618 | 1.635 | 1.65 | B- | 45-70 | .0320 | Yes | |
| Souzalite # | 1.618 | 1.642 | 1.652 | B- | 68 | .0340 | Yes | r > v |
| Schoonerite | 1.618 | 1.652 | 1.682 | B- | 70-80 | .0640 | No | |
| 1.618 | 1.654 | 1.655 | B- | 0-5 | .0370 | Yes | ||
| Numanoite ! | 1.618 | 1.658 | 1.672 | B- | .0540 | No | ||
| Haynesite | 1.618 | 1.783 | 1.785 | B- | 45 | .1670 | Yes | |
| Fluckite | 1.618 | 1.642 | B | large | .0240 | No | ||
| Veszelyite # | 1.618 to 1.64 | 1.622 to 1.658 | 1.658 to 1.695 | B+ | 38.5 | .0400 to .0550 | Yes | r < v weak to strong |
| Fedorovskite | 1.619 | 1.627 | 1.629 | B- | 48 | .0100 | No | |
| Kinoshitalite | 1.619 | 1.628 to 1.633 | 1.635 | B- | 23 | .0160 | Yes | |
| Wawayandaite | 1.619 | 1.631 | 1.641 | B- | 85 | .0220 | No | r < v strong |
| Trolleite # | 1.619 | 1.639 | 1.643 | B- | 49 | .0240 | No | |
| Gormanite | 1.619 | 1.653 | 1.66 | B- | 53 | .0410 | Yes | |
| Chromphyllite ! | 1.619 | 1.669 | 1.673 | B- | 31 | .0540 | Yes | r > v distinct |
| Strunzite # | 1.619 | 1.67 | 1.72 | B- | 75-80 | .1010 | Yes | |
| Nordite-(La) # | 1.619 to 1.62 | 1.63 to 1.64 | 1.642 to 1.644 | B- | 31-32 | .0230 to .0240 | No | |
| Nordite-(Ce) | 1.619 to 1.621 | 1.63 to 1.64 | 1.642 to 1.655 | B- | <30 | .0230 to .0340 | No | |
| Fraipontite # | 1.62 | 1.624 | 1.624 | B- | 15-20 | .0040 | No | |
| Coutinhoite ! | 1.62 | 1.627 | 1.629 | B- | 40 | .0090 | Yes | r < v strong |
| Footemineite ! | 1.62 | 1.627 | 1.634 | B+ | 80 | .0140 | Yes | r < v or r>v, weak |
| Parvo-mangano-edenite ! | 1.62 | 1.632 | 1.642 | B- | .0220 | Yes | ||
| Parvo-manganotremolite ! | 1.62 | 1.632 | 1.642 | B- | .0220 | Yes | ||
| Garrelsite-VIII # | 1.62 | 1.633 | 1.64 | B- | 72 | .0200 | No | |
| Krautite | 1.62 | 1.639 | 1.686 | B+ | 65 | .0660 | No | |
| Zircosulfate | 1.62 | 1.644 | 1.674 | B+ | 75 | .0540 | No | |
| Althupite | 1.62 | 1.661 | 1.665 | B- | 34 | .0450 | No | |
| Mundite | 1.62 | 1.682 | 1.688 | B- | 33 | .0680 | Yes | |
| Wycheproofite | 1.62 | 1.64 | B | .0200 | Yes | |||
| Berthierine # | 1.62 | 1.65 | B | .0300 | No | |||
| Celestine # | 1.621 to 1.622 | 1.623 to 1.624 | 1.63 to 1.632 | B+ | 50-51 | .0090 to .0100 | Yes | r < v |
| Rittmannite | 1.622 | 1.628 | 1.654 | B+ | 43 | .0320 | No | |
| Liberite | 1.622 | 1.6332 | 1.638 | B- | 66.3 | .0160 | No | |
| Kottigite # | 1.622 | 1.638 | 1.671 | B+ | 74 | .0490 | No | |
| Annabergite # | 1.622 | 1.658 | 1.687 | B- | 84 | .0650 | No | relatively weak |
| Ulrichite | 1.622 | 1.634 | B- | .0120 | No | |||
| Guildite # | 1.622 to 1.623 | 1.628 to 1.63 | 1.681 to 1.684 | B+ | 62 | .0590 to .0610 | No | |
| Mansfieldite # | 1.622 to 1.631 | 1.624 to 1.649 | 1.642 to 1.663 | B+ | 30-68 | .0200 to .0320 | No | r < v |
| Uranopilite # | 1.623 | 1.625 | 1.634 | B+ | large | .0110 | No | r > v to r < v extreme |
| Churchite-(Y) # | 1.623 | 1.631 | 1.657 | B+ | 10 | .0340 | No | |
| Manganonordite-(Ce) ! | 1.623 | 1.636 | 1.642 | B+ | 60 | .0190 | Yes | weak, r > v |
| Ferronordite-(Ce) ! | 1.623 | 1.636 | 1.642 | B- | 60 | .0190 | Yes | weak, r > v |
| Petersenite-(Ce) | 1.623 | 1.636 | 1.649 | B-+ | 89.7-90 | .0260 | No | |
| Clinohumite # | 1.623 to 1.702 | 1.636 to 1.709 | 1.651 to 1.728 | B+ | 52-90 | .0280 | Yes | weak, r > v |
| Fluoronyboite ! | 1.624 | 1.626 | 1.633 | B- | medium | .0090 | Yes | Calculated index values |
| Kapitsaite-(Y) ! | 1.624 | 1.628 | 1.637 | B+ | 69 | .0130 | Yes | r < v moderate |
| Greifensteinite ! | 1.624 | 1.634 | 1.638 | B- | 80 | .0140 | Yes | |
| Bakerite # | 1.624 | 1.635 | 1.654 | B- | 85 | .0300 | No | |
| Bertossaite | 1.624 | 1.636 | 1.642 | B- | .0180 | No | r < v moderate | |
| Birchite ! | 1.624 | 1.636 | 1.669 | B+ | .0450 | Yes | ||
| Ferronordite-(La) ! | 1.624 | 1.637 | 1.644 | B- | 60 | .0200 | No | weak, r > v |
| Roscherite # | 1.624 | 1.639 | 1.643 | B- | .0190 | No | ||
| Oursinite | 1.624 | 1.64 | 1.65 | B- | 76 | .0260 | No | |
| Suhailite ! | 1.624 | 1.652 | 1.652 | B- | 0-4 | .0280 | Yes | dispersion not observed |
| Jeffreyite | 1.625 | 1.641 | 1.643 | B- | 40 | .0180 | No | |
| Posnjakite | 1.625 | 1.68 | 1.706 | B- | 57 | .0810 | No | |
| Ancylite-(Ce) # | 1.625 | 1.7 | 1.735 | B- | 66 | .1100 | No | |
| Annite # | 1.625 to 1.631 | 1.69 | 1.691 to 1.697 | B- | 0-25 | .0660 | No | |
| Smolianinovite # | 1.625 | B+ | No | |||||
| Ferroaluminoceladonite ! | 1.625 | B | Yes | |||||
| Camerolaite | 1.626 | 1.646 | 1.682 | B+ | 75-77 | .0560 | No | |
| Pseudolaueite # | 1.626 | 1.65 | 1.686 | B+ | 80 | .0600 | No | |
| Datolite # | 1.626 | 1.653 to 1.654 | 1.67 | B- | 74 | .0440 | Yes | none |
| Poitevinite | 1.626 | 1.671 | 1.699 | B+ | 75 | .0730 | No | |
| Erythrite # | 1.626 to 1.629 | 1.662 to 1.663 | 1.699 to 1.701 | B+ | 85-90 | .0730 | Yes | none |
| Metazellerite | 1.626 | B | No | |||||
| Burpalite | 1.627 | 1.634 | 1.639 | B- | 80.1 | .0120 | No | |
| Boromullite ! | 1.627 | 1.634 | 1.649 | B+ | .0220 | Yes | no dispersion | |
| Fluoro-alumino-magnesiotaramite ! | 1.627 | 1.635 | 1.641 | B- | 66 | .0140 | Yes | r << v extreme |
| Palermoite # | 1.627 | 1.642 | 1.644 | B- | 20 | .0170 | No | |
| 1.627 | 1.642 | 1.658 | B- | 90 | .0310 | No | ||
| Nafertisite ! | 1.627 | 1.667 | 1.693 | B- | 75-76 | .0660 | No | |
| Sobolevite | 1.627 | 1.686 | 1.69 | B- | 25-33 | .0630 | Yes | r < v strong |
| Jacquesdietrichite ! | 1.627 | 1.699 | 1.769 | B- | .1420 | Yes | none | |
| Lindackerite # | 1.627 to 1.632 | 1.659 to 1.662 | 1.725 to 1.729 | B+ | 72-73 | .0980 | No | |
| Fahleite | 1.628 | 1.631 | 1.656 | B+ | 39 | .0280 | No | |
| Sarmientite # | 1.628 | 1.635 | 1.698 | B+ | 38 | .0700 | No | |
| Ferroholmquistite | 1.628 | 1.646 | 1.651 | B- | .0230 | Yes | ||
| Parasymplesite # | 1.628 | 1.66 | 1.705 | B- | .0770 | Yes | ||
| Ferrostrunzite | 1.628 | 1.682 | 1.723 | B- | 80 | .0950 | Yes | |
| Eosphorite # | 1.628 to 1.639 | 1.648 to 1.664 | 1.657 to 1.671 | B- | 50 | .0290 to .0320 | Yes | strong, r < v |
| Boralsilite ! | 1.629 | 1.64 | 1.654 | B+ | 81.8 | .0250 | Yes | very weak, r > v |
| Winchite # | 1.629 | 1.643 | 1.65 | B- | 64 | .0210 | Yes | r > v strong |
| Sampleite # | 1.629 | 1.677 | 1.679 | B- | 5-23 | .0500 | Yes | r > v |
| Artroeite | 1.629 | 1.682 | 1.691 | B- | 41 | .0620 | No | |
| Andalusite # | 1.629 to 1.64 | 1.633 to 1.644 | 1.638 to 1.65 | B- | 48-68 | .0090 to .0100 | Yes | r > v |
| Danburite # | 1.63 | 1.633 | 1.636 | B-+ | 88-90 | .0060 | No | relatively strong |
| Hilgardite | 1.63 | 1.636 | 1.664 | B+ | 35 | .0340 | No | |
| Ternesite ! | 1.63 | 1.637 | 1.64 | B- | 63.5 | .0100 | No |