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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
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Biaxial Minerals sorted by Index of Refraction |
( Bold - Valid Mineral Name)
(* - Mineral Name is Not IMA Approved)
(! - New Dana Classification Number Has Been Changed or Added)
(? - IMA Discredited Mineral Species Name)
(# - Grandfathered as valid)
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| Mineral Name | α | β | γ | Sign | 2V | Bire | Pleo- chroic |
Dispersion |
| Fenaksite | 1.541 | 1.56 | 1.567 | B+ | 84 | .0260 | No | |
| Tancoite | 1.541 | 1.563 | 1.564 | B- | 23 | .0230 | No | weak, r < v |
| 1.541 | 1.568 | 1.57 | B- | 32 | .0290 | No | ||
| Lizardite # | 1.541 to 1.5625 | 1.565 | 1.553 to 1.568 | B- | 37-61 | .0120 | No | |
| Cavansite | 1.542 | 1.544 | 1.551 | B+ | 52 | .0090 | No | |
| Hyalophane # | 1.542 | 1.545 | 1.547 | B- | 101-132 | .0050 | Yes | |
| Ruitenbergite | 1.542 | 1.545 | 1.565 | B+ | 42.5-47 | .0230 | No | |
| Alumoklyuchevskite | 1.542 | 1.548 | 1.641 | B+ | 30 | .0990 | Yes | |
| Zincobotryogen | 1.542 | 1.551 | 1.587 | B+ | 54 | .0450 | No | |
| Seidite-(Ce) ! | 1.542 | 1.569 | 1.571 | B- | 28 | .0290 | No | |
| Tosudite | 1.542 to 1.564 | 1.57 | 1.548 to 1.74 | B- | .0060 to .1760 | No | ||
| Fluorophlogopite ! | 1.543 | 1.5682 | 1.5688 | B- | 17 | .0258 | Yes | |
| Shabynite | 1.543 | 1.571 | 1.577 | B- | 49 | .0340 | No | |
| Metasideronatrite # | 1.543 | 1.575 | 1.634 | B+ | 60 | .0910 | Yes | |
| 1.543 | 1.549 | B | .0060 | No | ||||
| 1.543 to 1.548 | 1.55 to 1.556 | B- | .0070 to .0080 | Yes | ||||
| Furongite | 1.543 to 1.549 | 1.564 to 1.567 | 1.57 to 1.575 | B- | 65 | .0270 | Yes | |
| 1.543 to 1.554 | 1.5469 to 1.5587 | 1.552 to 1.562 | B-+ | 76-83 | .0090 | Yes | none | |
| Stilpnomelane # | 1.543 to 1.634 | 1.576 to 1.745 | 1.576 to 1.745 | B- | 0-40 | .0330 to .1110 | Yes | none |
| Epididymite # | 1.544 | 1.544 | 1.546 | B+ | 22 | .0020 | No | |
| Chkalovite # | 1.544 | 1.546 | 1.549 | B+ | 78 | .0050 | No | |
| Krohnkite # | 1.544 | 1.578 | 1.601 | B- | 78.7 | .0570 | No | |
| Coskrenite-(Ce) ! | 1.544 | 1.578 | 1.602 | B- | 65 | .0580 | No | medium, r > v |
| Wonesite | 1.544 | 1.608 | 1.608 | B- | 0-5 | .0640 | No | |
| Bannisterite # | 1.544 to 1.574 | 1.586 to 1.611 | 1.589 to 1.612 | B | small | .0450 | No | r < v moderate |
| Eudidymite # | 1.545 | 1.546 | 1.551 | B+ | 30 | .0060 | Yes | r > v distinct |
| Doyleite | 1.545 | 1.553 | 1.566 | B+ | 77 | .0210 | No | |
| Studtite # | 1.545 | 1.555 | 1.68 | B+ | .1350 | No | ||
| Franklinphilite | 1.545 | 1.583 | 1.583 | B- | 10 | .0380 | Yes | |
| 1.545 to 1.569 | 1.546 to 1.569 | 1.553 to 1.571 | B- | 20-60 | .0080 | No | relatively weak | |
| 1.545 to 1.569 | 1.546 to 1.569 | 1.553 to 1.571 | B- | 20-60 | .0080 | No | relatively weak | |
| 1.545 to 1.569 | 1.546 to 1.569 | 1.553 to 1.571 | B- | 20-60 | .0080 | No | relatively weak | |
| Lacroixite # | 1.546 | 1.563 | 1.58 | B- | 89 | .0340 | No | |
| Defernite | 1.546 | 1.572 | 1.576 | B- | 42 | .0300 | No | |
| Litvinskite ! | 1.546 | 1.574 | 1.575 | B- | <10 | .0290 | Yes | |
| Parsettensite # | 1.546 | 1.576 | 1.576 | B-+ | 0-8 | .0300 | No | |
| Polyhalite # | 1.546 to 1.548 | 1.558 to 1.562 | 1.567 | B- | 60-62 | .0210 | Yes | |
| Glucine | 1.547 | 1.555 | 1.571 | B | .0240 | No | ||
| Quenstedtite # | 1.547 | 1.566 | 1.594 | B+ | 70 | .0470 | No | |
| Partheite | 1.547 to 1.55 | 1.549 to 1.552 | 1.559 to 1.565 | B+ | 48 | .0120 to .0150 | No | r > v moderate |
| Cloncurryite ! | 1.548 | 1.55 | B- | No | ||||
| Anorthominasragrite ! | 1.548 | 1.555 | 1.574 | B+ | 86 | .0260 | Yes | |
| Litidionite # | 1.548 | 1.574 | B- | 56 | No | |||
| Jennite | 1.548 to 1.552 | 1.562 to 1.564 | 1.57 to 1.571 | B- | 74 | .0220 | No | |
| Klyuchevskite | 1.549 | 1.55 | 1.68 | B- | .1310 | Yes | ||
| Klyuchevskite-Duplicate | 1.549 | 1.55 | 1.68 | B+ | 11 | .1310 | Yes | |
| Veatchite-A | 1.549 | 1.551 | 1.621 | B+ | 25 | .0720 | No | r < v strong |
| Dittmarite # | 1.549 | 1.569 | 1.571 | B- | 40 | .0220 | No | |
| Armenite # | 1.55 | 1.552 | 1.556 | B- | 59.9-60 | .0060 | No | |
| Charoite | 1.55 | 1.553 | 1.559 | B+ | 28-30 | .0090 | Yes | |
| Veatchite-p ! | 1.55 | 1.553 | 1.62 | B+ | 25 | .0700 | No | |
| Penobsquisite ! | 1.55 | 1.554 | 1.592 | B-+ | 32.6-36.6 | .0420 | Yes | |
| Metavauxite # | 1.55 | 1.561 | 1.577 | B+ | .0270 | No | ||
| Ajoite # | 1.55 | 1.585 | 1.641 | B+ | 68-80 | .0910 | Yes | |
| Coconinoite | 1.55 | 1.588 | 1.59 | B- | 40 | .0400 | Yes | |
| Hambergite # | 1.55 | 1.59 | 1.63 | B+ | 87 | .0800 | Yes | |
| Lithiophosphate # | 1.55 to 1.553 | 1.557 to 1.558 | 1.566 to 1.567 | B+ | 69-80 | .0160 | No | |
| Mckelveyite-(Y) | 1.55 to 1.554 | 1.55 to 1.554 | 1.649 to 1.658 | B- | 0 | .0990 to .1040 | No | |
| Sauconite # | 1.55 to 1.58 | 1.59 to 1.62 | 1.59 to 1.62 | B- | 0-20 | .0400 | No | |
| Zippeite # | 1.55 to 1.655 | 1.717 | 1.765 | B- | 83 | .2150 | Yes | |
| Falcondoite | 1.55 | B | No | |||||
| Plombierite # | 1.55 | B | Yes | |||||
| Veatchite # | 1.551 | 1.553 | 1.62 | B+ | 37 | .0690 | No | |
| Vauxite # | 1.551 | 1.555 | 1.562 | B+ | 32 | .0110 | Yes | r > v strong |
| Metavariscite # | 1.551 | 1.558 | 1.582 | B+ | 55 | .0310 | No | |
| Morinite # | 1.551 | 1.563 | 1.565 | B- | 43 | .0140 | No | |
| Nanpingite | 1.551 | 1.584 | 1.588 | B- | 46 | .0370 | No | r > v weak |
| Volkonskoite # | 1.551 to 1.56 | 1.564 | 1.569 | B- | small | .0180 | No | |
| Donnayite-(Y) | 1.551 to 1.561 | 1.646 | 1.652 | B- | 0-20 | .1010 | No | |
| Rimkorolgite ! | 1.552 | 1.552 | 1.558 | B+ | 23 | .0060 | Yes | |
| Beryllonite # | 1.552 | 1.5579 | 1.561 | B- | 67.933 | .0090 | No | |
| Paravauxite # | 1.552 | 1.559 | 1.572 | B+ | 72 | .0200 | No | |
| Kulkeite | 1.552 | 1.5605 | 1.561 | B- | 24 | .0090 | Yes | r < v |
| Svyatoslavite | 1.552 | 1.578 | 1.581 | B- | 37.08 | .0290 | No | |
| Woodwardite # | 1.552 to 1.571 | 1.555 to 1.574 | 1.565 to 1.576 | B+ | .0130 | No | ||
| Muscovite # | 1.552 to 1.574 | 1.582 to 1.61 | 1.586 to 1.616 | B | 30-47 | .0340 to .0420 | Yes | weak to distinct, r > v |
| Autunite # | 1.553 | 1.575 | 1.577 | B- | .0240 | No | none | |
| Lennilenapeite | 1.553 | 1.594 | 1.594 | B- | 0 | .0410 | Yes | |
| Kaolinite # | 1.553 to 1.563 | 1.559 to 1.569 | 1.56 to 1.57 | B- | 24-50 | .0070 | Yes | none |
| Halloysite # | 1.553 to 1.565 | 1.559 to 1.569 | 1.56 to 1.57 | B | .0070 | No | none | |
| Karpinskite # | 1.553 to 1.57 | 1.569 to 1.594 | B- | .0160 to .0240 | Yes | |||
| Baricite | 1.554 | 1.564 | 1.595 | B+ | 59 | .0410 | No | |
| Reedmergnerite | 1.554 | 1.565 | 1.573 | B- | 80 | .0190 | No | |
| Bonattite # | 1.554 | 1.577 | 1.618 | B | .0640 | No | ||
| 1.554 to 1.563 | 1.5588 to 1.5675 | 1.562 to 1.573 | B+ | 85 | .0080 to .0100 | Yes | ||
| Moskvinite-(Y) ! | 1.555 | 1.558 | 1.566 | B+ | 64 | .0110 | No | r > v moderate |
| Bobjonesite ! | 1.555 | 1.561 | 1.574 | B+ | 72 | .0190 | Yes | |
| Sibirskite | 1.555 | 1.643 | 1.658 | B- | 43 | .1030 | No | |
| Tobelite | 1.555 to 1.56 | 1.575 to 1.587 | 1.581 to 1.595 | B- | 28-30 | .0260 to .0350 | No | |
| Antigorite # | 1.555 to 1.567 | 1.56 to 1.573 | 1.56 to 1.573 | B- | 20-50 | .0050 to .0060 | Yes | weak, r > v |
| Ehrleite | 1.556 | 1.56 | 1.58 | B+ | 62 | .0240 | No | |
| Mangangordonite | 1.556 | 1.561 | 1.571 | B+ | 70-71 | .0150 | No | |
| Parasibirskite ! | 1.556 | 1.593 | 1.663 | B+ | 75 | .1070 | Yes | |
| 1.556 | 1.65 | 1.653 | B- | 10-13 | .0970 | No | ||
| Clinophosinaite ! | 1.557 | 1.561 | 1.567 | B+ | 80 | .0100 | No | |
| Nacrite # | 1.557 | 1.562 | 1.563 | B- | 40 | .0060 | No | |
| Viitaniemiite | 1.557 | 1.565 | 1.571 | B- | 81 | .0140 | No | |
| Olshanskyite | 1.557 | 1.568 | 1.57 | B- | 54 | .0130 | No | weak, r > v |
| Chistyakovaite ! | 1.557 | 1.58 | 1.58 | B- | 10 | .0230 | Yes | none |
| Boromuscovite | 1.557 | 1.587 | 1.593 | B- | 44 | .0360 | No |