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Physical Properties of Gold
Cleavage:
None
Color:
Yellow, Pale yellow, Orange, Yellow white, Reddish white.
Density:
16 - 19.3, Average = 17.64
Diaphaneity:
Opaque
Fracture:
Hackly - Jagged, torn surfaces, (e.g. fractured metals).
Habit:
Arborescent - "Tree like" growths of branched systems (e.g. silver).
Habit:
Granular - Generally occurs as anhedral to subhedral crystals in matrix.
Habit:
Platy - Sheet forms (e.g. micas).
Hardness:
2.5-3 - Finger Nail-Calcite
Luminescence:
Non-fluorescent.
Luster:
Metallic
Magnetism:
Nonmagnetic
Streak:
yellow
Optical Properties of Gold
Optical Data:
NCalc= 4.05 - from Gladstone-Dale relationship (KC = 0.1582) where Ncalc=Dcalc*KC+1 NCalc= 3.79 - from Gladstone-Dale relationship (KC = 0.1582) where Ncalc=Dmeas*KC+1
RL Color:
Gold-yellow when pure, silver white to copper-red when impure, blue and green in transmitted light.
Reflectivity
Standardized Intensity (100%) Reflection Spectra of Gold in Air
λ
R
∑ R(λ)
400 nm
24.90
420 nm
26.50
440 nm
28.10
460 nm
31.60
480 nm
39.00
500 nm
49.50
520 nm
57.80
540 nm
63.40
560 nm
67.80
580 nm
71.00
600 nm
73.80
620 nm
76.10
640 nm
78.20
660 nm
80.10
680 nm
81.90
700 nm
83.60
Calculated Relative Intensity Colors of Gold in Air
Relative Intensity
0%
30%
60%
90%
100%
120%
150%
180%
210%
240%
270%
280%
R
Calculated Properties of Gold
Electron Density:
Bulk Density (Electron Density)=15.5 gm/cc note: Specific Gravity of Gold =19.3 gm/cc.
Fermion Index:
Fermion Index = 0 Boson Index = 1
Photoelectric:
PEGold =1,695.89 barns/electron U=PEGold x rElectron Density=26228.24 barns/cc.
Radioactivity:
GRapi = 0 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units) Gold is Not Radioactive
Chemical Formula: 
