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Kotulskite Mineral Data
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General Kotulskite Information
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 Chemical Formula: |
Pd(Te,Bi) |
| Composition: |
Molecular Weight = 254.37 gm |
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Bismuth 20.54 % Bi |
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Tellurium 37.62 % Te |
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Palladium 41.84 % Pd |
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______ |
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100.00 % |
| Empirical Formula: |
PdTe0.75Bi0.25 |
| Environment: |
As grains in chalcopyrite veins cutting magnetite. |
| IMA Status: |
Approved IMA 1963 |
| Locality: |
Monchegorsk, Lake Imandra, Murmansk, Kola peninsula, Russia Link to MinDat.org Location Data. |
| Name Origin: |
Named for Vladimir Klement'evich Kotul'skii, economic geologist and an authority on Cu-Ni sulfide deposits. |
| Name Pronunciation: |
Kotulskite + Pronunciation  |
| Synonym: |
ICSD 42552 |
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PDF 29-971 |
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Kotulskite Image |
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Images:
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Kotulskite Telluropalladinite Keithconnite
Comments: Polyphase grain of (1) ferroan platinum corroded by (2) Pt(Fe,Cu) and overgrown by (5) telluropalladinite, an unknown (6) Pd-Te-Fe-Si-O phase, (7) Fe-hydroxide and (8) a Ca-Mn-Fe silicate with inclusions of (3) kotulskite and (4) keithconnite. (BGR).
Location: Stream sediments of rivers in the vicinity of the original discovery of the Merensky Reef on the farm Maandagshoek close to Burgersfort in the Eastern Bushveld, South Africa..
Scale: See Image.
© Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources |
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Kotulskite Crystallography
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| Axial Ratios: |
a:c = 1:1.35322 |
| Cell Dimensions: |
a = 4.19, c = 5.67, Z = 2; V = 86.21 Den(Calc)= 9.80 |
| Crystal System: |
Hexagonal - Dihexagonal Dipyramidal H-M Symbol (6/m 2/m 2/m) Space Group: P 63/mmc |
| X Ray Diffraction: |
By Intensity(I/Io): 3.05(1), 2.09(0.9), 2.24(0.9), |
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Physical Properties of Kotulskite
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| Cleavage: |
None |
| Color: |
Gray, Steel gray. |
| Density: |
8.26 |
| Diaphaneity: |
Opaque |
| Habit: |
Inclusions - Generally found as inclusions in other minerals. |
| Hardness: |
4-4.5 - Between Fluorite and Apatite |
| Luster: |
Metallic |
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Optical Properties of Kotulskite
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| RL Anisotrophism: |
Strong, from gray to dark bluish gray. |
| RL Color: |
Cream or pale yellow. |
| RL Pleochroism: |
Distinct, from light cream to darker grayish cream. |
| Reflectivity |
Standardized Intensity (100%) Reflection Spectra of Kotulskite in Air
| λ |
R1 |
R2 |
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∑ R1(λ) |
∑ R2(λ) |
| 400 nm |
36.40 |
33.60 |
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| 420 nm |
41.50 |
41.50 |
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| 440 nm |
46.60 |
49.40 |
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| 460 nm |
50.20 |
54.80 |
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| 480 nm |
53.40 |
59.50 |
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| 500 nm |
56.00 |
63.10 |
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| 520 nm |
58.20 |
65.60 |
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| 540 nm |
59.60 |
67.40 |
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| 560 nm |
60.70 |
68.50 |
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| 580 nm |
61.20 |
69.00 |
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| 600 nm |
61.50 |
69.30 |
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| 620 nm |
61.90 |
69.70 |
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| 640 nm |
62.30 |
70.20 |
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| 660 nm |
62.80 |
70.80 |
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| 680 nm |
63.30 |
71.40 |
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| 700 nm |
63.90 |
72.00 |
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Calculated Relative Intensity Colors of Kotulskite in Air
Relative
Intensity |
0% |
20% |
40% |
60% |
80% |
100% |
120% |
140% |
160% |
180% |
190% |
| R1 |
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| R2 |
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Calculated Properties of Kotulskite
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| Electron Density: |
Bulk Density (Electron Density)=8.15 gm/cc
note: Specific Gravity of Kotulskite =9.80 gm/cc.
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| Fermion Index: |
Fermion Index = 0.12
Boson Index = 0.88 |
| Photoelectric: |
PEKotulskite = 641.58 barns/electron
U=PEKotulskite x rElectron Density=5,227.95 barns/cc.
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| Radioactivity: |
GRapi = 0 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)
Kotulskite is Not Radioactive |
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Kotulskite Classification
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| Dana Class: |
02.08.11.06 (02)Sulfides - Including Selenides and Tellurides |
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(02.08)where Am Bn Xp, with (m+n):p=1:1 |
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(02.08.11)Nickeline Group (Hexagonal: P63/mmc) |
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02.08.11.01 Nickeline NiAs P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.08.11.02 Breithauptite NiSb P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.08.11.03 Sederholmite NiSe P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.08.11.04 Hexatestibiopanickelite (Ni,Pd)(Te,Sb) P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.08.11.05 Sudburyite (Pd,Ni)Sb P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.08.11.06 Kotulskite Pd(Te,Bi) P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.08.11.07 Sobolevskite PdBi P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.08.11.08 Stumpflite Pt(Sb,Bi) P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.08.11.09 Langisite (Co,Ni)As P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.08.11.10 Freboldite CoSe P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.08.11.11 Achavalite! FeSe P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.08.11.12 Sorosite! Cu(Sn,Sb) P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.08.11.13 Vavrinite! Ni2SbTe2 P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
| Strunz Class: |
02.CC.05 02 - SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulf |
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02.C - Metal Sulfides, M:S = 1:1 (and similar) |
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02.CC -With Ni, Fe, Co, PGE, etc. |
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02.CC.05 Achavalite FeSe P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.CC.05 Breithauptite NiSb P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.CC.05 Freboldite CoSe P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.CC.05 Hexatestibiopanickelite (Ni,Pd)(Te,Sb) P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.CC.05 Langisite (Co,Ni)As P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.CC.05 Jaipurite* CoS P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.CC.05 Kotulskite Pd(Te,Bi) P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.CC.05 Nickeline NiAs P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.CC.05 Zlatogorite! CuNiSb2 P 3m1 3 2/m |
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02.CC.05 Sederholmite NiSe P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.CC.05 Stumpflite Pt(Sb,Bi) P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.CC.05 Sudburyite (Pd,Ni)Sb P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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02.CC.05 Sobolevskite PdBi P 63/mmc 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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Other Kotulskite Information
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| References: |
NAME( AntBidBlaNic1) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(AntBidBlaNic1) |
| See Also: |
Links to other databases for Kotulskite :
1 - Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
2 - Athena
3 - EUROmin Project
4 - Ecole des Mines de Paris
5 - GeoScienceWorld
6 - Google Images
7 - Google Scholar
8 - Handbook of Mineralogy (MinSocAm)
9 - Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
10 - MinDAT
11 - Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
12 - Online Mineral Museum
13 - QUT Mineral Atlas
14 - Ruff.Info
15 - WWW-MINCRYST
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Kotulskite
Pd(Te,Bi)
Dana No: 02.08.11.06 Strunz No: 02.CC.05
Locality:
Notes:
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