Gas rich, ultra-basic diatremes from mantle depths (>30 km)and alluvial placer deposits derived from the Kimberlite rocks. Kimberlite = olivine, garnet, pyroxene, and calcite.
IMA Status:
Valid Species (Pre-IMA) Prehistoric
Locality:
Kimberly, republic of South Africa. India. Brazil. Ural Mountains, Russia. Murfreesboro, Arkansas, USA. Link to MinDat.org Location Data.
Name Origin:
From the Greek, adamas, meaning "invincible" or "hardest."
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Physical Properties of Diamond
Cleavage:
{111} Perfect, {111} Perfect, {111} Perfect
Color:
Colorless, White, Gray, Black, Blue.
Density:
3.5 - 3.53, Average = 3.51
Diaphaneity:
Transparent to Subtransparent to translucent
Fracture:
Conchoidal - Fractures developed in brittle materials characterized by smoothly curving surfaces, (e.g. quartz).
Habit:
Euhedral Crystals - Occurs as well-formed crystals showing good external form.
Habit:
Granular - Generally occurs as anhedral to subhedral crystals in matrix.
Hardness:
10 - Diamond
Luminescence:
Fluorescent and phosphorescent blue, Short UV=blue, Long UV=blue.
Luster:
Adamantine
Streak:
colorless
Optical Properties of Diamond
Optical Data:
Isotropic, n=2.4175-2.4178.
Calculated Properties of Diamond
Electron Density:
Bulk Density (Electron Density)=3.52 gm/cc note: Specific Gravity of Diamond =3.52 gm/cc.
Fermion Index:
Fermion Index = 0.01 Boson Index = 0.99
Photoelectric:
PEDiamond = 0.16 barns/electron U=PEDiamond x rElectron Density= 0.56 barns/cc.
Radioactivity:
GRapi = 0 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units) Diamond is Not Radioactive
Chemical Formula: 
