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Bismuth Mineral Data
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General Bismuth Information
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 Chemical Formula: |
Bi |
| Composition: |
Molecular Weight = 208.98 gm |
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Bismuth 100.00 % Bi |
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______ |
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100.00 % |
| Empirical Formula: |
Bi |
| Environment: |
Hydrothermal ores of Co, Ni, Ag, and Sn. In pegmatites and topaz-bearing Sn-W veins. |
| IMA Status: |
Valid Species (Pre-IMA) 1500 |
| Locality: |
Schneeberg District, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany Link to MinDat.org Location Data. |
| Name Origin: |
Probably from the Arabic bi ismid, meaning having the properties of antimony. |
| Name Pronunciation: |
Bismuth  |
| Synonym: |
ICSD 64703 |
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PDF 5-519 |
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Bismuth Image |
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Images:
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Images:
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Bismuth
Comments: Coarsely crystalline bismuth.
Location: Biggenden, Queensland, Australia.
Scale: 2.9 x 1.8 x 2.8 cm.
© Fabre Minerals |
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Images:
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Matildite Bismuth Bismuthinite
Comments: SEM image of native Bi replaced by bismuthinite and matildite. Black areas represent gangue minerals. (CanMin, v43:899).
Location: Uranium deposit at Niederschlema-Alberoda, Germany.
Scale: See Image.
© Canadian Mineralogist |
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Bismuth Crystallography
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| Axial Ratios: |
a:c = 1:2.60921 |
| Cell Dimensions: |
a = 4.537, c = 11.838, Z = 6; V = 211.03 Den(Calc)= 9.87 |
| Crystal System: |
Trigonal - Hexagonal Scalenohedral H-M Symbol (3 2/m) Space Group: R 3m |
| X Ray Diffraction: |
By Intensity(I/Io): 3.28(1), 2.273(0.41), 2.39(0.4), |
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Physical Properties of Bismuth
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| Cleavage: |
{0001} Perfect |
| Color: |
Silver white, Pinkish white, Red. |
| Density: |
9.7 - 9.8, Average = 9.75 |
| Diaphaneity: |
Opaque |
| Fracture: |
Uneven - Flat surfaces (not cleavage) fractured in an uneven pattern. |
| Habit: |
Granular - Generally occurs as anhedral to subhedral crystals in matrix. |
| Habit: |
Lamellar - Thin laminae producing a lamellar structure. |
| Habit: |
Platy - Sheet forms (e.g. micas). |
| Hardness: |
2-2.5 - Gypsum-Finger Nail |
| Luminescence: |
Non-fluorescent. |
| Luster: |
Metallic |
| Magnetism: |
Nonmagnetic |
| Streak: |
silver white |
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Optical Properties of Bismuth
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| RL Anisotrophism: |
Distinct. |
| RL Color: |
White, brilliant creamy. |
| RL Pleochroism: |
Feeble. |
| Reflectivity |
Standardized Intensity (100%) Reflection Spectra of Bismuth in Air
| λ |
R1 |
R2 |
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∑ R1(λ) |
∑ R2(λ) |
| 400 nm |
61.40 |
61.60 |
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| 420 nm |
60.80 |
61.60 |
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| 440 nm |
60.20 |
61.00 |
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| 460 nm |
60.00 |
60.80 |
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| 480 nm |
60.10 |
61.30 |
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| 500 nm |
60.60 |
61.70 |
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| 520 nm |
61.40 |
62.70 |
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| 540 nm |
62.60 |
63.80 |
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| 560 nm |
63.80 |
65.00 |
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| 580 nm |
64.90 |
66.20 |
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| 600 nm |
65.90 |
67.20 |
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| 620 nm |
66.90 |
68.80 |
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| 640 nm |
67.70 |
69.00 |
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| 660 nm |
68.50 |
69.70 |
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| 680 nm |
69.00 |
70.40 |
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| 700 nm |
69.60 |
70.80 |
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Calculated Relative Intensity Colors of Bismuth in Air
Relative
Intensity |
0% |
20% |
40% |
60% |
80% |
100% |
120% |
140% |
150% |
| R1 |
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| R2 |
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Calculated Properties of Bismuth
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| Electron Density: |
Bulk Density (Electron Density)=7.84 gm/cc
note: Specific Gravity of Bismuth =9.87 gm/cc.
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| Fermion Index: |
Fermion Index = 1E-6
Boson Index = 0.999999 |
| Photoelectric: |
PEBismuth =2,025.91 barns/electron
U=PEBismuth x rElectron Density=15883.30 barns/cc.
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| Radioactivity: |
GRapi = 0 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)
Bismuth is Not Radioactive |
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Bismuth Classification
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| Dana Class: |
01.03.01.04 (01)Native Elements |
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(01.03)with semi-metallic and non-metallic elements |
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(01.03.01)Arsenic group |
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01.03.01.01 Arsenic As R 3m 3 2/m |
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01.03.01.02 Antimony Sb R 3m 3 2/m |
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01.03.01.03 Stibarsen SbAs R 3m 3 2/m |
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01.03.01.04 Bismuth Bi R 3m 3 2/m |
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01.03.01.05 Stistaite SnSb R 3m 3 2/m |
| Strunz Class: |
01.CA.05 01 - ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides) |
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01.C - Metalloids and Nonmetals |
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01.CA -Arsenic group elements |
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01.CA.05 Bismuth Bi R 3m 3 2/m |
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01.CA.05 Antimony Sb R 3m 3 2/m |
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01.CA.05 Arsenic As R 3m 3 2/m |
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01.CA.05 Stibarsen SbAs R 3m 3 2/m |
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Other Bismuth Information
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| References: |
NAME( Duda&Rejl90) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) |
| See Also: |
Links to other databases for Bismuth :
1 - Alkali-Nuts(English)
2 - Alkali-Nuts(Francais)
3 - Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
4 - Amethyst Galleries' Mineral Gallery
5 - Athena
6 - EUROmin Project
7 - Ecole des Mines de Paris
8 - GeoScienceWorld
9 - Glendale Community College
10 - Google Images
11 - Google Scholar
12 - Handbook of Mineralogy (MinSocAm)
13 - Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
14 - MinDAT
15 - Mineral and Gemstone Kingdom
16 - Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
17 - Online Mineral Museum
18 - QUT Mineral Atlas
19 - Ruff.Info
20 - Scandinavian mineral gallery
21 - WWW-MINCRYST
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Bismuth
Bi
Dana No: 01.03.01.04 Strunz No: 01.CA.05
Locality:
Notes:
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