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Conchoidal - Fractures developed in brittle materials characterized by smoothly curving surfaces, (e.g. quartz).
Habit:
Encrustations - Forms crust-like aggregates on matrix.
Habit:
Massive - Granular - Common texture observed in granite and other igneous rock.
Hardness:
5-5.5 - Apatite-Knife Blade
Luminescence:
Radioactive.
Luster:
Vitreous - Greasy
Streak:
yellowish white
Optical Properties of Betafite
Gladstone-Dale:
CI meas= -0.026 (Excellent) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC) CI calc= 0.298 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.1675,KPDmeas= 0.245,KC= 0.2387 Ncalc = 1.88 - 2.5
Optical Data:
Isotropic, n=1.91-2.197.
RL Color:
Almost colorless.
Reflectivity
Standardized Intensity (100%) Reflection Spectra of Betafite in Air
λ
R
∑ R(λ)
400 nm
13.50
420 nm
13.20
440 nm
13.00
460 nm
12.80
480 nm
12.60
500 nm
12.40
520 nm
12.30
540 nm
12.20
560 nm
12.00
580 nm
11.90
600 nm
11.70
620 nm
11.60
640 nm
11.60
660 nm
11.60
680 nm
11.50
700 nm
11.50
Calculated Relative Intensity Colors of Betafite in Air
Relative Intensity
0%
80%
100%
160%
240%
320%
400%
480%
560%
640%
720%
740%
R
Calculated Properties of Betafite
Electron Density:
Bulk Density (Electron Density)=3.84 gm/cc note: Specific Gravity of Betafite =4.30 gm/cc.
Fermion Index:
Fermion Index = 0.01 Boson Index = 0.99
Photoelectric:
PEBetafite = 722.04 barns/electron U=PEBetafite x relectron=2,774.78 barns/cc.
Radioactivity:
GRapi = 1,310,419.54 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)
Concentration of Betafite per GRapi unit = 763.11 (PPB)
Betafite is Radioactive as defined in 49 CFR 173.403. Greater than 70 Bq / gram.
Estimated Radioactivity from Betafite - very strong
Specimen Size Weight/Volume (Sphere) *
Calculated Activity Bequerols (Bq)
Calculated Activity Curies (Ci)
Estimated Activity GR(api)
Estimated Exposure (mRem**)/hr If Held in Hand For One Hour
1000 gm / 7.63 cm
30,791,430
8.32E-04
1,310,419.54
430.82
100 gm / 3.54 cm
3,079,143
8.32E-05
131,041.95
43.08
10 gm / 1.64 cm
307,914
8.32E-06
13,104.20
4.31
1 gm / 7.63 mm
30,791
8.32E-07
1,310.42
0.43
0.1 gm / 3.54 mm
3,079
8.32E-08
131.04
0.04
0.01 gm / 1.64 mm
308
8.32E-09
13.10
0.00
0.001 gm / 0.76 mm
31
8.32E-10
1.31
0.00
Weight of pure Betafite in grams (gm) and Calculated Diameter of a Sphere with a Density of 4.30 gm/cc.*
Goverment Estimate of Average Annual Exposure (
360 mRem)
** Note: 10 microsieverts/hr = 1 mRem/hr **
Max Permissable Adult Dose 50,000 mRem/yr (hands), 15,000 mRem/yr (eyes)
Lethal Dose LD(50) Exposure 400,000 to 500,000 mRem
Betafite Classification
Dana Class:
08.02.03.01(08)Multiple Oxides with Nb, Ta, and Ti
Chemical Formula: 
- very strong