Mineral Species containing Silicon (Si)

Element Properties, Isotopic Compositions for Silicon

**Silicon (Si) Element Properties**
Atomic Mass	28.0855
Atomic Number	14
Name Origins	Latin, silicis = "flint."
Year Discovered	1824
Discovery Credits	Isolated by J. J. Berzelius at Stockholm, Sweden.
Remarks	Black amorphous Si obtained by reduction of sand (SiO2) with carbon; ultrapure semiconductor grade crystals are blue-gray metallic. Bulk Si unreactive towards oxygen, water, acids (except HF), but dissolves in hot alkali. Used in semiconductors, alloys, polymers. Diagnostic tests: The surest method of detecting a silicate is to get the mineral in solution and obtain gelatinous silica by evaporation. If a silicate is dissolved in boiling acid, HCl or HNO3, the silica gel separates upon evaporation. At this point, the other elements in the mineral are in solution and can be tested for additional unknowns. If a silicate is decomposed in boiling acid, HCl or HNO3, the silica separates as an insoluble residue without the formation of a jelly. This residue, if due to silica, is soluble in boiling KOH. Fusion in Na₂CO₃ is necessary if the mineral is unaffected by acid digestion. Mix the powdered mineral with equal parts of sodium carbonate into a paste and fuse on charcoal with the blowpipe. Dissolve the residue in HCl, the silicate will separate as gelatinous mass upon evaporation. Note, most silicates are soluble in a borax flux and will give the same gelatinous reaction as the sodium carbonate. Silicates are partially soluble in a Na₂(NH₄)(PO₄) bead. When a powdered silicate is fused in the bead, the insoluble silicate skeleton or translucent mass is detectable with a hand lens.
References	Emsley, J., 1991; THE ELEMENTS : Sec. Ed., Clarendon Press, Oxford, 251 p.
See Also	WebElements, ChemiCool

**Naturally Occurring Isotopes**
Symbol	Isotope Mass	Isotope Nuclide Number	Isotope Number	Natural Abundance	Half-life	Half-life Units	Decay Mode	Decay Mode MeV	Decay Mode %
Si	27.976927	28	14	92.2300%		Stable
Si	28.976495	29	14	4.6700%		Stable
Si	29.97377	30	14	3.1000%		Stable
Si	31.974148	32	14	0.0000%	100	Minutes	beta -	0.227	100.00%

Silicon (Si) Minerals sorted by Descending Weight Percent

Click here for List sorted by Mineral Name

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**1445 Minerals containing Silicon (Si) sorted by Descending Weight Percent**
% Si	Mineral Name	Chemical Formula	MW
0.77 % Si	Tegengrenite !	(Mg,Mn++)2Sb+++++0.5(Mn+++,Si,Ti)0.5O4	219.12
0.69 % Si	Plumboagardite !	(Pb,REE,Ca)Cu6(AsO4)3(OH)6·3(H2O)	1,097.39
0.65 % Si	Dugganite	Pb3Zn3Te(As,V,Si)2(O,OH)14	1,302.29
0.58 % Si	Eylettersite	(Th,Pb)1-xAl3(PO4,SiO4)2(OH)6 (?)	481.10
0.58 % Si	Magnesionigerite-6N6S !	(Mg,Zn,Fe+++,Al)4(Sn,Fe+++)2Al10O22(OH)2	964.03
0.58 % Si	Magnesionigerite-2N1S	(Mg,Zn,Fe+++,Al)4(Sn,Fe+++)2Al10O22(OH)2	964.03
0.56 % Si	Tsumgallite !	GaO(OH)	100.05
0.56 % Si	Wallkilldellite-(Fe) !	(Ca,Cu)4Fe6[(As,Si)O4]4(OH)8·18(H2O)	1,506.74
0.52 % Si	Romanechite #	(Ba,H2O)2(Mn++++,Mn+++)5O10	544.25
0.45 % Si	Agardite-(Ce) !	(Ce,Ca)Cu6(AsO4)3(OH)6·3(H2O)	1,070.95
0.40 % Si	Ferronigerite-6N6S !	(Fe++,Zn)4Sn2(Al,Fe+++)15O30(OH)2	1,419.10
0.37 % Si	Barioperovskite !	BaTiO3	228.97
0.34 % Si	Yimengite	K(Cr,Ti,Fe,Mg)12O19	837.35
0.33 % Si	Chladniite	Na2Ca(Mg,Fe++)7(PO4)6	847.39
0.33 % Si	Hollandite #	Ba(Mn++++,Mn++)8O16	852.99
0.28 % Si	Ankinovichite !	(Ni,Zn)Al4(VO3)2(OH)12(H2O)2.5	602.70
0.26 % Si	Brumadoite !	Cu3(TeO4)(OH)4·5H2O	535.15
0.25 % Si	Calciopetersite !	CaCu6[(PO4)2(PO3OH)(OH)6]·3(H2O)	907.06
0.23 % Si	Kuannersuite-(Ce) !	Ba6Na2REE2(PO4)6FCl	1,704.53
0.20 % Si	Footemineite !	Ca2Mn++Mn++2Mn++2Be4(PO4)6(OH)4·6H2O	1,122.79
0.20 % Si	Samarskite-(Yb) !	(Yb,Y,REE,U,Th,Ca,Fe++) (Nb,Ta,Ti)O4	312.29
0.19 % Si	Chopinite !	(Mg,Fe)3(PO4)2	291.81
0.19 % Si	Yttrotungstite-(Y) #	YW2O6(OH)3	598.35
0.16 % Si	Cobaltkieserite !	CoSO4·H2O	175.01
0.16 % Si	Lindqvistite	Pb2(Mn++,Mg)Fe+++16027	1,764.16
0.15 % Si	Jarandolite !	Ca[B3O4(OH)3]	187.28
0.14 % Si	Murataite	(Y,Na)6(Zn,Fe+++)5(Ti,Nb)12O29(O,F)14	2,000.60
0.14 % Si	Bouazzerite !	Bi6(Mg,Co)11Fe14[AsO4]18O12(OH)4(H2O)86	6,531.63
0.12 % Si	Menezesite !	Ba2MgZr4(BaNb12O42)·12H2O	2,778.48
0.11 % Si	Barahonaite-(Al) !	(Ca,Cu,Na,Fe+++,Al )12Al2(AsO4)8(OH,Cl)x·nH2O	2,052.55
0.10 % Si	Barahonaite-(Fe) !	(Ca,Cu,Na,Fe+++,Al )12Fe+++2(AsO4)8(OH,Cl)x·nH2O	2,141.70
0.09 % Si	Apatite-(CaOH)-M !	(Ca,Na)5[(P,S)O4]3(OH,Cl)	499.72
0.08 % Si	Phosphowalpurgite !	(UO2)Bi4(PO4)O4·2(H2O)	1,391.69
0.08 % Si	Arhbarite	Cu2Mg(AsO4)(OH)3	349.16
0.07 % Si	Leogangite !	Cu10(AsO4)4(SO4)(OH)6·8(H2O)	1,543.39
0.05 % Si	Dmitryivanovite !	CaAl2O4	158.03
0.05 % Si	Tokyoite !	Ba2Mn(VO4)2(OH)	565.05
0.03 % Si	Londonite !	CsAl4Be4(B,Be)12O28	808.60
0.03 % Si	Arrojadite-(SrFe) !	SrFe++Na2Ca(Fe++,Mn,Mg)13Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH,F)2	2,063.97
0.02 % Si	Ferrohogbomite-2N2S !	(Fe++,Zn,Mg,Al)6Al14(Ti,Fe)2O30(OH)2	1,269.78
0.02 % Si	Lakargiite !	CaZrO3	177.87
0.01 % Si	Arrojadite-(KNa) !	KNa4Ca(Fe,Mn,Mg)13Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH,F)2	2,033.01
0.01 % Si	Dickinsonite-(KMnNa) !	KNaMnNa3Ca(Mn,Fe,Mg)13Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH,F)2	2,117.87
0.01 % Si	Stornesite-(Y) !	(Y, Ca)[ ]2Na6(Ca,Na)8(Mg,Fe)43(PO4)36	5,318.15

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( Bold - Valid Mineral Name)
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(! - New Dana Classification Number Has Been Changed or Added)
(? - IMA Discredited Mineral Species Name)
(# - Grandfathered as valid)